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Updated: Apr 9, 2026

Dissecting Innate Immune Signaling in Viral Evasion of Cytokine Production
Published on: March 2, 2014
Orthobunyaviruses and innate immunity induction: alieNSs vs. PredatoRRs
Andreas Schoen1, Friedemann Weber1
1Institute for Virology, Philipps-University Marburg, D-35043 Marburg, Germany.
Abstract:
The taxonomic group of Orthobunyaviruses is gaining increased attention, as several emerging members are causing devastating illnesses among humans and livestock. These viruses are transmitted to mammals by arthropods (mostly mosquitoes) during the blood meal. The nature of their genomic RNA predisposes orthobunyaviruses for eliciting a strong innate immune response mediated by pathogen recognition receptors (PRRs), especially the cytoplasmic RIG-I. However, the PRR responses are in fact disabled by the viral non-structural protein NSs. NSs imposes a strong block of cellular gene expression by inhibiting elongating RNA polymerase II. In this review, we will give an overview on the current state of knowledge regarding the interactions between orthobunyaviruses, the PRR axis, and NSs.
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