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Human parvovirus B19: a mechanistic overview of infection and DNA replication

Yong Luo1, Jianming Qiu1

  • 1Department of Microbiology, Molecular Genetics & Immunology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Mail Stop 3029, 3901 Rainbow Blvd, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA.

Future Virology
|June 23, 2015
PubMed

Insights

Human parvovirus B19 (B19V) infects erythroid cells, causing blood disorders. Recent research shows B19V also targets nonerythroid cells, like heart cells, impacting diverse health outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Cell Biology
  • Pathogen Research

Background:

  • Human parvovirus B19 (B19V), a small DNA virus in the Parvoviridae family, primarily infects erythroid progenitor cells.
  • B19V infection is linked to various hematological disorders.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in understanding B19V infection mechanisms.
  • To focus on B19V cell tropism and DNA replication pathways.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on B19V cell culture systems.
  • Analysis of studies on B19V tropism in erythroid and nonerythroid cells.
  • Examination of cellular pathways involved in B19V DNA replication.

Main Results:

  • B19V exhibits tropism for erythroid progenitor cells, but also infects nonerythroid cells like myocardial endothelial cells.
  • Studies utilize various cell culture models, including permissive erythroid cells and nonpermissive HEK293 cells.
  • Cellular signaling and cell cycle arrest are implicated in B19V DNA replication.

Conclusions:

  • B19V tropism is more diverse than previously thought, extending to nonerythroid cell types.
  • Understanding B19V's interaction with cellular pathways is crucial for elucidating its pathogenesis.
  • Further research is needed to fully understand the implications of B19V infection in nonerythroid cells.
Keywords:
B19VDDRDNA damage responseDNA replicationEpo/EpoR signalingcell cyclehuman parvovirus B19hypoxiatropism

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