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Related Concept Videos

Anatomy of the Circulatory System02:03

Anatomy of the Circulatory System

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The human circulatory system consists of blood, blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart, around the body, and back to the heart, and the heart itself, which acts as a central pump. The systemic circuit supplies blood to the whole body, the coronary circuit supplies blood to the heart, and the pulmonary circuit supplies blood flow between the heart and lungs.
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Overview of the Cardiovascular System01:14

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The cardiovascular system is a vital transportation system in the body. It comprises the heart and blood vessels and facilitates the exchange of gases, nutrients, and waste products.
Heart
The heart is the central pump of the cardiovascular system that circulates blood throughout the body. It comprises two atria receiving the blood and two ventricles pumping blood out of the heart. Their rhythmic contractions, called heartbeats, ensure that blood flow remains continuous.
Blood Vessels
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Overview of Systemic and Pulmonary Circulation01:15

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The systemic and pulmonary circuits are crucial components of the circulatory system, working together to transport blood between the heart, lungs, and the rest of the body. The process begins with pulmonary circulation, where deoxygenated blood is pumped from the right ventricle to the lungs via the pulmonary trunk and arteries. Upon reaching the lungs, the blood becomes oxygenated and returns to the heart, specifically to the left atrium, via the pulmonary veins.
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The pulmonary circulation is a vital system in our body that acts as a bridge between the respiratory and cardiovascular systems. It serves as a transport network for deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs and then returns oxygen-rich blood back to the heart.
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The human body is a complex, well-organized machine, and at the heart of its operations lies the circulatory system. This network of blood vessels, which includes systemic arteries, plays a vital role in maintaining life by transporting nutrients, oxygen, and waste products to and from cells throughout the body.
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The hepatic portal system, a critical part of our circulatory framework, transports nutrient-laden, deoxygenated blood from the gastrointestinal tract and spleen to the liver. This ingenious system plays an indispensable role in maintaining our body's metabolic equilibrium.
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Updated: Apr 8, 2026

Nonhuman Primate Lung Decellularization and Recellularization Using a Specialized Large-organ Bioreactor
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The lung communication network.

Davide Losa1, Marc Chanson

  • 1Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland.

Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences : CMLS
|June 24, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Lung cells communicate via gap junctions and pannexin1 channels, forming networks that regulate lung function and host defenses. Understanding connexin and pannexin physiology is key to lung health.

Area of Science:

  • Pulmonary Physiology
  • Cellular Biology
  • Molecular Medicine

Background:

  • Lung cells, including airway and alveolar epithelia and vasculature, are interconnected via intercellular communication pathways.
  • Gap junctions, formed by connexin proteins, create communication compartments within the lung.
  • Extracellular nucleotides released through pannexin1 channels further modulate this intercellular signaling network.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the physiology of connexins and pannexins in the lung.
  • To elucidate how these proteins form communication networks.
  • To describe the modulation of lung function and host defense by these networks.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on connexin and pannexin physiology.

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  • Analysis of intercellular communication mechanisms in lung tissues.
  • Integration of data on nucleotide signaling and its impact on lung function.

    • Main Results:

    • Connexins exhibit specific expression profiles across different lung cell types, defining communication compartments.
    • Pannexin1 channels facilitate the release of extracellular nucleotides, influencing intercellular communication.
    • The interplay between connexins and pannexins shapes lung function and host defense mechanisms.

    Conclusions:

    • The lung possesses a complex intercellular communication network mediated by connexins and pannexin1.
    • This network is crucial for regulating normal lung physiology and effective host defense.
    • Further research into these pathways may reveal therapeutic targets for lung diseases.