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Typhidot - A blessing or a menace.

Khalid Mehmood1, Ayesha Sundus2, Iftikhar Haider Naqvi3

  • 1Dr. Khalid Mehmood, FRCP, Head of Department, Medical Unit 3, Civil Hospital Karachi, Pakistan.

Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences
|June 24, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Typhoid fever diagnosis in Pakistan is challenged by the Typhidot test. This rapid diagnostic test shows low sensitivity (26.7%) and specificity (61.5%), leading to misdiagnosis. Its use should be discouraged.

Keywords:
Blood cultureSensitivitySpecificityTyphidotTyphoid

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Diagnostics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Clinical Microbiology

Background:

  • Typhoid fever remains a significant public health concern in developing nations like Pakistan.
  • A reliable, accessible, and affordable rapid diagnostic test for typhoid fever is critically needed.
  • The Typhidot test is frequently used by clinicians despite concerns about its diagnostic accuracy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the diagnostic performance of the Typhidot test in patients presenting with fever.
  • To determine the sensitivity and specificity of Typhidot compared to blood culture for typhoid fever diagnosis.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective analysis of 145 febrile patients was conducted.
  • Blood cultures and Typhidot tests were performed on all patients.
  • Sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values were calculated using SPSS v16.0.

Main Results:

  • Only 15.3% of patients had positive blood cultures for Salmonella typhi or paratyphi.
  • The Typhidot test demonstrated a sensitivity of 26.7% and a specificity of 61.5%.
  • Positive and Negative Predictive Values were 7.4% and 87.9%, respectively.

Conclusions:

  • The Typhidot test exhibits low sensitivity and specificity for diagnosing typhoid fever.
  • Its poor performance can lead to misdiagnosis and inappropriate treatment.
  • Clinicians should exercise caution and consider discouraging the use of Typhidot as a standalone diagnostic tool.