Related Experiment Video
Updated: Apr 8, 2026
Induction of Atherosclerotic Plaques Through Activation of Mineralocorticoid Receptors in Apolipoprotein E-deficient Mice
Published on: September 26, 2018
Circulating tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1 is associated with aldosterone-induced diastolic
Chi-Sheng Hung1, Chia-Hung Chou, Xue-Ming Wu
1aGraduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University bDepartment of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine cDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei dDepartment of Internal Medicine, Taoyuan General Hospital, Taoyuan eDivision of Cardiovascular Medical Center, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City fDepartment of Internal Medicine, Postal Hospital, Taipei gDepartment of Urology, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, New Taipei City hInstitute of Pharmacology, National Taiwan University Medical College, Taipei, Taiwan.
Insights
Tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) is linked to aldosterone-induced diastolic dysfunction. This cardiac condition is reversible with adrenalectomy, and TIMP-1 levels decrease post-surgery.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Endocrinology
- Biomarker Research
Background:
- Primary aldosteronism causes cardiac remodeling and diastolic dysfunction, but reversibility is unclear.
- No specific biomarkers are known for aldosterone-induced diastolic dysfunction.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between collagen markers and aldosterone-induced diastolic dysfunction.
- To assess the role of TIMP-1 and MMP-2 as potential biomarkers.
Main Methods:
- 27 patients with aldosterone-producing adenoma (APA) and 27 with essential hypertension were studied.
- Plasma levels of TIMP-1 and MMP-2 were measured, alongside echocardiography.
- Measurements were repeated 1 year after adrenalectomy in the APA group.
Main Results:
- Patients with APA had higher baseline TIMP-1 levels, left ventricular mass index (LVMI), and E/E' ratio.
- TIMP-1 levels correlated with diastolic dysfunction and cardiac remodeling markers.
- Adrenalectomy improved LVMI and E/E' ratio, with a decrease in TIMP-1 levels.
Conclusions:
- Excess aldosterone causes reversible diastolic dysfunction, treatable by adrenalectomy.
- TIMP-1 is associated with aldosterone-induced diastolic dysfunction and may serve as a biomarker.
Objective:
To test if collagen markers are associated with aldosterone-induced diastolic dysfunction.
Background:
Although primary aldosteronism is associated with more prominent cardiac remodeling and diastolic dysfunction, the reversibility of diastolic function is unclear. In addition, there is no known biomarker associated with aldosterone-induced diastolic dysfunction.
Methods:
We enrolled 27 patients with aldosterone-producing adenoma (APA) preparing for adrenalectomy, and 27 patients with essential hypertension prospectively from October 2006 to March 2010 at a tertiary referral center. Plasma matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) were measured, and echocardiography including tissue Doppler images was performed in both groups and 1 year after receiving adrenalectomy in the APA group.
Results:
The baseline plasma TIMP-1 level (88.4 ± 38.7 vs. 63.6 ± 32.5 ng/ml; P = 0.014), left ventricular mass index (LVMI), and E/E' ratio (11.5 ± 2.9 vs. 9.0 ± 2.1; P < 0.001) were significantly higher in the APA group. The baseline plasma TIMP-1 level significantly correlated with the E/E' ratio, LVMI, interventricular septum, and left atrial diameter. The plasma MMP-2 level did not correlate with the left ventricular structure parameters, except for interventricular septum thickness. After adrenalectomy, LVMI and E/E' ratio improved significantly. The postadrenalectomy plasma TIMP-1 levels, but not MMP-2 levels, also decreased. The change of plasma TIMP-1 levels was negatively associated with the postadrenalectomy E/E' ratio after adjustment for age, sex, BMI, and mean blood pressure (β-coefficient = - 3.6, P = 0.004).
Conclusion:
Excess of aldosterone induces cardiac diastolic dysfunction, which is reversible by adrenalectomy. TIMP-1 is associated with the aldosterone-induced diastolic dysfunction.
Related Concept Videos
01:26Heart Failure Drugs: Inhibitors of Renin-Angiotensin System
01:25Antihypertensive Drugs: Direct Renin Inhibitors
01:30Antihypertensive Drugs: Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors
01:28Antihypertensive Drugs: Potassium-Sparing Diuretics
01:30Antihypertensive Drugs: Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers
01:22Heart Failure Drugs: Diuretics