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Related Concept Videos

Homologous Recombination02:31

Homologous Recombination

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Homologous Recombination02:31

Homologous Recombination

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The basic reaction of homologous recombination (HR) involves two chromatids that contain DNA sequences sharing a significant stretch of identity. One of these sequences uses a strand from another as a template to synthesize DNA in an enzyme-catalyzed reaction. The final product is a novel amalgamation of the two substrates. To ensure an accurate recombination of sequences, HR is restricted to the S and G2 phases of the cell cycle. At these stages, the DNA has been replicated already and the...
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Genome Copying Errors02:46

Genome Copying Errors

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DNA replication is a well-evolved process that copies millions of base pairs with high fidelity during each cell division. Occasionally a wrong base or a long stretch of wrong bases may get added to the daughter strands. If the errors are left unchecked, cells might accumulate several mutations that might endanger their  survival. Therefore, the copying errors are checked and repaired at three levels.
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Overview of Transposition and Recombination02:13

Overview of Transposition and Recombination

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Transposons make up a significant part of genomes of various organisms. Therefore, it is believed that transposition played a major evolutionary role in speciation by changing genome sizes and modifying gene expression patterns. For example, in bacteria, transposition can lead to conferring antibiotic resistance. Movement of transposable elements within the genetic pool of pathogenic bacteria can aid in transfer of antibiotic-resistant genetic elements. In eukaryotes, transposons can carry out...
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Conservative Site-specific Recombination and Phase Variation02:53

Conservative Site-specific Recombination and Phase Variation

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Because the DNA segments are cut and reorganized in a direction-specific manner, site-specific recombination has emerged as an efficient genetic engineering technique. Flippase and Cyclization recombinases or Flp and Cre, respectively, are two members of the tyrosine recombinase family derived from bacteriophages, that are used to mediate site-specific DNA insertions, deletions, and targeted expression of proteins in mammalian cell lines.
The recognition sites for Cre recombinase called LoxP...
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Fixing Double-strand Breaks02:04

Fixing Double-strand Breaks

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The double-stranded structure of DNA has two major advantages. First, it serves as a safe repository of genetic information where one strand serves as the back-up in case the other strand is damaged. Second, the double-helical structure can be wrapped around proteins called histones to form nucleosomes, which can then be tightly wound to form chromosomes. This way, DNA chains up to 2 inches long can be contained within microscopic structures in a cell. A double-stranded break not only damages...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 8, 2026

Detection of Homologous Recombination Intermediates via Proximity Ligation and Quantitative PCR in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
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V(D)J Recombination: Mechanism, Errors, and Fidelity.

David B Roth1

  • 1Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and the Center for Personalized Diagnostics, Perelman School of Medicine of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104.

Microbiology Spectrum
|June 25, 2015
PubMed
Summary

V(D)J recombination generates immune receptor diversity but can cause DNA errors. These errors are linked to cancer development in lymphocytes, as reviewed here.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • V(D)J recombination is essential for adaptive immunity, creating diverse antigen receptors.
  • This process, while vital, can lead to DNA damage and aberrant rearrangements.
  • Aberrant DNA events are implicated in the oncogenesis of lymphoid malignancies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the fundamental principles of V(D)J recombination.
  • To elucidate the mechanisms driving aberrant DNA rearrangements during this process.
  • To summarize recent findings on aberrant DNA events in lymphoid neoplasms from genomewide analyses.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on V(D)J recombination.
  • Analysis of mechanisms causing DNA errors.

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VDJ-Seq: Deep Sequencing Analysis of Rearranged Immunoglobulin Heavy Chain Gene to Reveal Clonal Evolution Patterns of B Cell Lymphoma
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VDJ-Seq: Deep Sequencing Analysis of Rearranged Immunoglobulin Heavy Chain Gene to Reveal Clonal Evolution Patterns of B Cell Lymphoma

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 8, 2026

Detection of Homologous Recombination Intermediates via Proximity Ligation and Quantitative PCR in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
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Detection of Homologous Recombination Intermediates via Proximity Ligation and Quantitative PCR in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

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Combined Immunofluorescence and DNA FISH on 3D-preserved Interphase Nuclei to Study Changes in 3D Nuclear Organization
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VDJ-Seq: Deep Sequencing Analysis of Rearranged Immunoglobulin Heavy Chain Gene to Reveal Clonal Evolution Patterns of B Cell Lymphoma
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  • Synthesis of data from genomewide studies on lymphoid cancers.

    • Main Results:

    • V(D)J recombination is a complex process with inherent risks of DNA errors.
    • Specific molecular mechanisms contribute to aberrant rearrangements.
    • Genomewide analyses reveal diverse aberrant DNA events in lymphoid neoplasms.

    Conclusions:

    • Understanding V(D)J recombination errors is crucial for comprehending lymphoid cancer development.
    • The recombinase machinery plays a dual role in immunity and oncogenesis.
    • Further research into these aberrant events may offer therapeutic targets.