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Related Experiment Videos

The Integration and Excision of CTnDOT.

Margaret M Wood1, Jeffrey F Gardner2

  • 1Simmons College, 300 The Fenway, Boston, MA 02115.

Microbiology Spectrum
|June 25, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Integrative and conjugative elements like CTnDOT contribute to antibiotic resistance in the gut microbiome. Its excision is complex, involving multiple proteins and unique features of the IntDOT recombinase.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Bacteroides species are dominant gut bacteria, often carrying integrative and conjugative elements (ICEs).
  • CTnDOT is a prevalent 65 kb ICE in Bacteroides spp., conferring tetracycline and erythromycin resistance.
  • CTnDOT is increasingly recognized for its role in spreading antibiotic resistance within the gut microbiota.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying the excision and transfer of the CTnDOT ICE.
  • To characterize the unique properties of the IntDOT tyrosine recombinase and its role in CTnDOT integration/excision.
  • To elucidate the complex interactions of proteins involved in CTnDOT excision, particularly in the presence of heterology.

Main Methods:

  • Biochemical analysis of the IntDOT tyrosine recombinase.

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  • Characterization of excision proteins (Xis2c, Xis2d, Exc) and their roles in CTnDOT excision.
  • Investigation of host factors and Holliday junction resolution in CTnDOT excision.

    • Main Results:

    • CTnDOT excision and transfer are stimulated by tetracycline.
    • IntDOT exhibits unique characteristics, tolerating heterology and differing in active site residues compared to other tyrosine recombinases.
    • The excision process involves multiple proteins, including a topoisomerase (Exc) that may resolve heterologous Holliday junctions.

    Conclusions:

    • CTnDOT is a significant factor in the dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes in the human gut.
    • The IntDOT recombinase possesses distinct catalytic properties facilitating its function.
    • Complex protein interactions, including those involving Exc, are crucial for resolving heterology during CTnDOT excision.