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Related Concept Videos

DNA-only Transposons02:57

DNA-only Transposons

18.6K
DNA-only transposons are called autonomous transposons since they code for the enzyme transposase that is required for the transposition mechanism. Insertion of transposons can alter gene functions in multiple ways. They can mutate the gene, alter gene expression by introducing a novel promoter or insulator sequence, introduce new splice sites, and change the mRNA transcripts produced, or remodel chromatin structure.
The donor site from where the transposon is excised is either degraded or...
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Transposons01:24

Transposons

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Transposons, or "jumping genes," are small mobile genetic elements (MGEs) that range from 700 to 40,000 base pairs in length. They are found in all organisms and can move within the same chromosome or transfer to different chromosomes. In some cases, transposons can also jump between different host DNA molecules, such as plasmids or viruses, contributing to genetic variability.Barbara McClintock first discovered these mobile genetic elements in the 1940s while studying maize genetics, and she...
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Overview of Transposition and Recombination02:13

Overview of Transposition and Recombination

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Transposons make up a significant part of genomes of various organisms. Therefore, it is believed that transposition played a major evolutionary role in speciation by changing genome sizes and modifying gene expression patterns. For example, in bacteria, transposition can lead to conferring antibiotic resistance. Movement of transposable elements within the genetic pool of pathogenic bacteria can aid in transfer of antibiotic-resistant genetic elements. In eukaryotes, transposons can carry out...
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Non-LTR Retrotransposons03:18

Non-LTR Retrotransposons

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As the name suggests, non-LTR retrotransposons lack the long terminal repeats characteristic of the LTR retrotransposons. Additionally, both LTR and non-LTR retrotransposons use distinct mechanisms of mobilization. Non-LTR retrotransposons are further divided into two classes - Long interspersed nuclear elements (LINEs) and short interspersed nuclear elements (SINEs), both of which occur abundantly in most mammals, including humans. Some of the active non-LTR retrotransposons in humans are L1...
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LTR Retrotransposons03:08

LTR Retrotransposons

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LTR retrotransposons are class I transposable elements with long terminal repeats flanking an internal coding region. These elements are less abundant in mammals compared to other class I transposable elements. About 8 percent of human genomic DNA comprises LTR retrotransposons. Some of the common examples of LTR retrotransposons are Ty elements in yeast and Copia elements in Drosophila.
The internal coding region of LTR retrotransposons and their mechanism of transposition closely resembles a...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 8, 2026

Identification of Sleeping Beauty Transposon Insertions in Solid Tumors using Linker-mediated PCR
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Identification of Sleeping Beauty Transposon Insertions in Solid Tumors using Linker-mediated PCR

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Sleeping Beauty Transposition.

Zoltán Ivics1, Zsuzsanna Izsvák2

  • 1Division of Medical Biotechnology, Paul Ehrlich Institute, Langen, Germany.

Microbiology Spectrum
|June 25, 2015
PubMed
Summary

The Sleeping Beauty (SB) transposon, a cut-and-paste genetic element, facilitates gene insertion and manipulation. Its transposition relies on host factors and specific DNA repair pathways, making it a versatile tool in molecular biology and gene therapy.

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • The Sleeping Beauty (SB) transposon is a synthetic genetic element derived from fish genomes.
  • It belongs to the Tc1/mariner superfamily and operates via a cut-and-paste transposition mechanism.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the molecular mechanisms governing SB transposon transposition.
  • To understand the host factors and cellular processes influencing SB transposition and integration.

Main Methods:

  • Investigated the interaction of SB transposase with its binding sites and the formation of synaptic complexes.
  • Analyzed the dependency on host factors like HMG2L1, HMGB1, and the nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ) DNA repair pathway.
  • Examined the role of the Miz-1 transcription factor in regulating cell cycle and its impact on transposition.

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An Efficient In Vitro Transposition Method by a Transcriptionally Regulated Sleeping Beauty System Packaged into an Integration Defective Lentiviral Vector
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An Efficient In Vitro Transposition Method by a Transcriptionally Regulated Sleeping Beauty System Packaged into an Integration Defective Lentiviral Vector

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Transposon Mediated Integration of Plasmid DNA into the Subventricular Zone of Neonatal Mice to Generate Novel Models of Glioblastoma
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Transposon Mediated Integration of Plasmid DNA into the Subventricular Zone of Neonatal Mice to Generate Novel Models of Glioblastoma

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Identification of Sleeping Beauty Transposon Insertions in Solid Tumors using Linker-mediated PCR

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An Efficient In Vitro Transposition Method by a Transcriptionally Regulated Sleeping Beauty System Packaged into an Integration Defective Lentiviral Vector
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Transposon Mediated Integration of Plasmid DNA into the Subventricular Zone of Neonatal Mice to Generate Novel Models of Glioblastoma
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  • Characterized the integration site preference (TA dinucleotides) and insertion profiles (random vs. local hopping).

    • Main Results:

    • SB transposition involves transposase-mediated excision and integration into TA dinucleotides in target DNA.
    • Host factors, including transcription factors (HMG2L1, Miz-1) and proteins (HMGB1), regulate transposition.
    • The NHEJ DNA repair pathway is crucial for SB transposition, creating a footprint at the excision site.
    • SB exhibits random genome-wide insertion from episomal vectors and local hopping from chromosomal sites.
    • Autointegration of excised transposons can reduce the efficiency of longer elements.

    Conclusions:

    • SB transposition is a complex process influenced by host cell machinery, including transcription factors and DNA repair pathways.
    • Understanding these mechanisms is key to optimizing SB as a molecular tool.
    • SB is a valuable tool for transgenesis, insertional mutagenesis, and gene therapy due to its predictable integration and efficiency.