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Is the Prevalence of Celiac Disease Higher than the General Population in Inflammatory Bowel Diseaese?

Elahe Jandaghi1, Mona Hojatnia1, Homayoon Vahedi1

  • 1Autoimmune and Motility Disorders Research Center, Digestive & Liver Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences,Tehran, Iran.

Middle East Journal of Digestive Diseases
|June 25, 2015
PubMed

Insights

This study found no significant difference in celiac disease prevalence between ulcerative colitis patients and the general population. Celiac disease was not found in Crohn's disease patients, but may complicate severe inflammatory bowel disease.

Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Immunology
  • Digestive Diseases

Background:

  • The association between inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and celiac disease is debated and may impact IBD prognosis.
  • Previous studies show controversy regarding the link between IBD and celiac disease.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between IBD (ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease) and celiac disease.
  • To evaluate potential complications arising from the concurrent presence of these conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Evaluated 200 ulcerative colitis and 206 Crohn's disease patients for celiac disease using serological tests (IgA/IgG anti-tTG, anti-endomysial antibodies) and pathology.
  • Endoscopy with biopsies was performed for patients with elevated celiac antibodies.
  • Prevalence data were compared to the general population.

Main Results:

  • Celiac disease was confirmed in 1 out of 200 ulcerative colitis patients (1:200), similar to the general population prevalence (1:166).
  • No cases of celiac disease were identified in 206 Crohn's disease patients (0:206).
  • Concurrent celiac disease may increase the risk of IBD complications like sclerosing cholangitis.

Conclusions:

  • No significant difference in celiac disease prevalence was observed between ulcerative colitis patients and the general population.
  • The absence of celiac disease in Crohn's disease patients may be linked to the mild disease activation in the study cohort.
  • Celiac disease screening is recommended for patients with severe or complicated IBD.

Keywords:
Anti endomyseal specific antibodyAnti tTG antibodyCeliac diseaseCrohn’s diseaseInflammatory bowel diseaseUlcerative colitis

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