Chronic Otitis Media Resulting in Aortic Valve Replacement: A Case Report

Area of Science:

• Cardiology
• Infectious Diseases
• Congenital Heart Defects

Background:

• Bicuspid aortic valve is the most common congenital cardiac malformation (1-2% incidence).
• Infective endocarditis is a life-threatening complication, often presenting insidiously.
• Chronic otitis media can harbor rare pathogens with systemic implications.

Observation:

• A 22-year-old male presented with acute dyspnea, fatigue, and fever.
• Echocardiography revealed severe aortic insufficiency secondary to a bicuspid aortic valve with a flail lesion.
• The patient had a history of chronic otitis media.

Findings:

• Infective endocarditis was diagnosed, caused by the rare pathogen Alloiococcus otitidis.
• The patient underwent successful aortic valve replacement surgery.
• The underlying chronic otitis media was identified as the source of infection.

Implications:

• This case underscores the importance of considering rare pathogens in infective endocarditis, especially in patients with predisposing conditions.
• Early diagnosis and surgical intervention are crucial for managing bicuspid aortic valve complications.
• Highlights the potential link between chronic otitis media and severe cardiac infections.