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Diffusion-weighted MRI in the follow-up of chronic periaortitis

L Kamper1, P Haage1, A S Brandt2

  • 11 Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, HELIOS Klinikum Wuppertal, University Hospital Witten/Herdecke, Wuppertal, Germany.

The British Journal of Radiology
|June 26, 2015
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Diffusion-weighted MRI (DWI) effectively monitors chronic periaortitis (CP) treatment response. This imaging technique shows significant changes in periaortic tissue after medication, aiding disease activity assessment.

Area of Science:

  • Radiology
  • Medical Imaging
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Chronic periaortitis (CP) is an inflammatory condition requiring effective monitoring.
  • Assessing treatment response in CP traditionally involves invasive methods or contrast-enhanced imaging.
  • Diffusion-weighted MRI (DWI) offers a non-invasive imaging modality for tissue characterization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the utility of diffusion-weighted MRI (DWI) for assessing treatment response in patients with chronic periaortitis (CP).
  • To determine if DWI parameters can reflect changes in disease activity during intraindividual follow-up under medical therapy.
  • To explore the potential of DWI as a contrast-agent-free method for CP management.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of MRI data from 21 patients with newly diagnosed CP before and after a median of 16 weeks of medical therapy.
  • DWI parameters (b800 signal, apparent diffusion coefficient [ADC] values) were measured in the periaortic tissue and psoas muscle.
  • Changes in CP extent, contrast enhancement, and laboratory inflammation markers were correlated with DWI findings.

Main Results:

  • Statistically significant decreases in b800 signal intensity and increases in ADC values were observed in the periaortic tissue post-treatment (p≤0.0001).
  • The extent and contrast enhancement of CP significantly reduced after medical therapy (p≤0.0001).
  • No significant changes were noted in the psoas muscle control parameters, indicating treatment-specific effects.

Conclusions:

  • DWI is a valuable tool for evaluating treatment response in chronic periaortitis without the need for contrast agents.
  • The observed changes in DWI parameters correlate with reduced disease activity and extent.
  • DWI can aid in assessing disease activity and guiding therapeutic strategies for CP.

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