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Deep brain stimulation for movement disorders: 2015 and beyond.

Alfonso Fasano1, Andres M Lozano

  • 1aMorton and Gloria Shulman Movement Disorders Clinic and the Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson's Disease, Toronto Western Hospital and Division of Neurology, UHN, Division of Neurology bDivision of Neurosurgery, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Current Opinion in Neurology
|June 26, 2015
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) for movement disorders is advancing, with improved understanding of indications and new technologies like adaptive stimulation enhancing patient outcomes and future treatments.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuromodulation
  • Neurosurgery
  • Movement Disorders

Background:

  • Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a crucial treatment for various movement disorders.
  • Understanding of established DBS indications has improved significantly.
  • Technological advancements are rapidly evolving the field of DBS.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent and future developments in deep brain stimulation (DBS) for movement disorders.
  • To highlight advancements in clinical applications and technological innovations.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent literature on DBS for movement disorders.
  • Analysis of technological progress in DBS hardware and imaging.
  • Discussion of evolving clinical indications and surgical targets.

Main Results:

  • Enhanced understanding of optimal targets for Parkinson's disease (subthalamus vs. globus pallidus pars interna).
  • Refined patient selection and outcomes for dystonia treatment.
  • Exploration of novel indications such as Tourette syndrome.
  • Introduction of advanced DBS technologies including adaptive stimulation and new electrode designs.
  • Improved surgical planning and outcome optimization using high-resolution imaging (MRI, DTI).

Conclusions:

  • Recent clinical and technological successes are transforming neuromodulation practices.
  • Ongoing advancements in DBS promise to drive future therapeutic developments for movement disorders.