Aggressive thyroid cancer: targeted therapy with sorafenib
Alda Corrado1, Silvia M Ferrari1, Ugo Politti1
1Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
Minerva Endocrinologica
|June 27, 2015
Summary
Sorafenib, a multikinase inhibitor, shows antiproliferative and antiangiogenic effects against advanced thyroid cancer. It offers a promising therapeutic option for patients unresponsive to traditional treatments like radioiodine.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Sorafenib is a multikinase inhibitor with demonstrated antiproliferative and antiangiogenic properties.
- It targets key pathways in tumor cells and vasculature, including RAF, VEGFR, and PDGFR.
- Sorafenib is approved for hepatocellular carcinoma and advanced renal cell carcinoma.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of sorafenib in advanced thyroid cancer.
- To assess sorafenib's potential in patients with radioiodine-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer.
Main Methods:
- Review of experimental studies and clinical trials on sorafenib in thyroid cancer.
- Analysis of data on antiproliferative and antiangiogenic effects in vitro and in vivo.
- Evaluation of long-term efficacy and tolerability in patients with papillary, follicular, and medullary thyroid cancer.
Main Results:
- Sorafenib exhibits antiproliferative and antiangiogenic properties against thyroid cancer cells.
- Clinical studies show good responses and disease stabilization in patients with advanced thyroid cancer.
- The drug demonstrates promising efficacy in patients unresponsive to traditional therapies.
Conclusions:
- Sorafenib is a viable therapeutic option for advanced thyroid cancer, particularly in cases resistant to radioiodine.
- The USA Food and Drug Administration has approved sorafenib for metastatic differentiated thyroid cancer.
- Further evaluation of long-term outcomes and tolerability is ongoing.
Related Concept Videos
02:57Targeted Cancer Therapies
9.1K
The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
9.1K
02:57Targeted Cancer Therapies
1.8K
1.8K
02:56Treatment Resistent Cancers
1.5K
1.5K
02:50Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine
6.4K
Combining two or more treatment methods increases the life span of cancer patients while reducing damage to vital organs or tissue from the overuse of a single treatment. Combination therapy also targets different cancer-inducing pathways, thus reducing the chances of developing resistance to treatment.
The combination of the drug acetazolamide and sulforaphane is a good example of combination therapy to treat cancer. The cells in the interior of a large tumor often die due to the hypoxic and...
The combination of the drug acetazolamide and sulforaphane is a good example of combination therapy to treat cancer. The cells in the interior of a large tumor often die due to the hypoxic and...
6.4K
02:56Treatment Resistant Cancers
3.9K
Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. A cancer cell is genetically unstable and hence can mutate faster. They can also modify their microenvironment and escape immune surveillance. The difficulties in treating cancer are further compounded by the emergence of rapid resistance to anticancer drugs. The most common ways to attain resistance in cancer cells include alteration in drug transport and metabolism, modification of drug target, elevated DNA damage response, or...
3.9K
01:27Tumor Immunotherapy
2.3K
Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
2.3K