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Glaucoma in Asia: regional prevalence variations and future projections
Errol Wei'en Chan1, Xiang Li2, Yih-Chung Tham3
1Department of Ophthalmology, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore.
The British Journal of Ophthalmology
|June 27, 2015
Summary
Glaucoma prevalence is rising across Asia, particularly in South-Central and East regions. Urgent public health strategies are needed to address the increasing burden of this eye disease.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Glaucoma represents a significant global health challenge, with a disproportionately high burden in Asia.
- Understanding regional variations in glaucoma prevalence and projections is crucial for targeted interventions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the prevalence and disease burden of glaucoma across Asian subregions from 2013 to 2040.
- To identify specific subregions and glaucoma subtypes with the highest projected increases.
Main Methods:
- A systematic review and meta-analysis of 23 population-based studies.
- Inclusion of data from 66,800 individuals for primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and 72,767 for primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG).
- Utilized hierarchical Bayesian approaches and random effects meta-regression, with population projections from UN World Population Prospects.
Main Results:
- In 2013, overall glaucoma prevalence was 3.54%, with POAG (2.34%) more common than PACG (0.73%).
- PACG prevalence was higher in East Asia, while POAG was higher in urban populations.
- South-Central Asia is projected to see the steepest increase in glaucoma cases, from 17.06 million to 32.90 million by 2040.
Conclusions:
- Glaucoma burden is substantial and unevenly distributed across Asian subregions, with South-Central and East Asia facing the greatest challenges.
- There is a critical need for sustainable public health strategies to mitigate the growing impact of glaucoma in Asia.
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