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Widespread Bordetella parapertussis Infections-Wisconsin, 2011-2012: Clinical and Epidemiologic Features and

Ruth Koepke1, Michael L Bartholomew2, Jens C Eickhoff3

  • 1Division of Public Health, Wisconsin Department of Health Services Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison.

Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America
|June 27, 2015
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Bordetella parapertussis causes pertussis-like illness. Early azithromycin treatment shortened illness duration, and prompt household prophylaxis prevented secondary infections during a pertussis outbreak.

Area of Science:

  • Bacteriology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • A statewide pertussis outbreak in Wisconsin (October 2011-December 2012) coincided with 443 reported Bordetella parapertussis infections.
  • This study investigated the clinical presentation of B. parapertussis infections and the impact of antibiotic interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe clinical features of Bordetella parapertussis infections.
  • To evaluate the effectiveness of azithromycin treatment for patients and prophylaxis for household members (HHMs).

Main Methods:

  • Interviewed patients with B. parapertussis (PCR-positive) about symptoms and azithromycin treatment.
  • Collected data on acute cough illnesses and azithromycin prophylaxis among HHMs.
  • Used regression analysis to assess associations between antibiotic receipt and illness outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Among 218 B. parapertussis patients, pertussis-like symptoms were common.
  • Treatment initiated within 0-6 days of cough onset significantly reduced illness duration (10 vs 19 days).
  • Prompt prophylaxis in HHMs was linked to a significant reduction in secondary cough illnesses (RR 0.16).

Conclusions:

  • Bordetella parapertussis causes pertussis-like illness, potentially misdiagnosed without specific testing.
  • Early antibiotic treatment may shorten illness duration.
  • Household prophylaxis appears effective in preventing secondary B. parapertussis infections.
Keywords:
Bordetella parapertussisBordetella pertussisepidemiology

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