HIV-associated tuberculosis in Auckland
Christopher Luey1, David Milne, Simon Briggs
1General medical and Infectious Diseases Physician, Middlemore Hospital, 100 Hospital Road, Papatoetoe, Auckland, New Zealand 2025. christopher.luey@middlemore.co.nz.
The New Zealand Medical Journal
|June 29, 2015
Summary
New Zealand has a low incidence of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-associated Tuberculosis (TB). Early HIV diagnosis and treatment of latent tuberculosis infection in people living with HIV are crucial for reducing disease burden.
Area of Science:
- Infectious Diseases
- Public Health
- Immunology
Background:
- New Zealand experiences low rates of Tuberculosis (TB) and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV).
- This study provides the first description of a cohort of patients with HIV-associated TB in New Zealand.
Purpose of the Study:
- To characterize the clinical profile of patients with HIV-associated TB in New Zealand.
- To identify key factors for managing and preventing HIV-associated TB.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective review of clinical records, laboratory data, and chest radiographs.
- Study population: patients diagnosed with HIV-associated TB at Auckland City Hospital (January 1997 - July 2009).
Main Results:
- 40 patients diagnosed with HIV-associated TB over 12.5 years; median age 37, median CD4 count 130 cells/mm3.
- 60% had known HIV infection; 8% mortality rate.
- 58% received antiretroviral therapy during TB treatment; 21 episodes of treatment interruption or IRIS.
Conclusions:
- New Zealand maintains a low incidence of HIV-associated TB.
- Early HIV diagnosis, universal screening, and treatment of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) in individuals with HIV are essential for minimizing disease burden.
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