[THE FUNCTIONAL DIFFERENCE BETWEEN VISCERAL FATTY CELLS AND SUBCUTANEOUS ADIPOYTES]

Area of Science:

• Evolutionary biology
• Cell biology
• Metabolic research

Background:

• Visceral fatty cells predate subcutaneous adipocytes phylogenetically.
• Visceral cells manage trophology and homeostasis; subcutaneous cells handle locomotion.
• Visceral cells lack insulin receptors, unlike subcutaneous adipocytes.

Purpose of the Study:

• To differentiate visceral fatty cells and subcutaneous adipocytes.
• To explore their distinct phylogenetic, functional, and pathogenic roles.
• To clarify their involvement in metabolic disorders.

Main Methods:

• Comparative analysis of adipocyte evolution and function.
• Review of cellular mechanisms in fatty acid deposition.
• Examination of mediator secretion (leptin, adiponectin).

Main Results:

• Visceral and subcutaneous adipocytes exhibit significant phylogenetic and functional divergence.
• Compromised fatty acid deposition underlies obesity and metabolic syndrome.
• Visceral cells originate from enterocyte communities, contributing to early chylomicrons.

Conclusions:

• Visceral fatty cells and subcutaneous adipocytes are distinct entities requiring separate consideration.
• Their differing roles contribute to metabolic pandemics like obesity and metabolic syndrome.
• Leptin and adiponectin are specific mediators for visceral and subcutaneous adipocytes, respectively.