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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
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Medical Management of Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (ADHF)The primary goals of therapy for patients hospitalized with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) include:Relieving symptomsOptimizing volume statusSupporting oxygenation and ventilationMaintaining cardiac output (CO) and end-organ perfusionIdentifying and addressing the cause of ADHFPreventing complicationsProviding patient education on factors precipitating HF exacerbationPlanning for dischargeOngoing monitoring and assessment...
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Targeting microRNAs in heart failure.

Burcu Duygu1, Leon J de Windt1, Paula A da Costa Martins1

  • 1Department of Cardiology, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.

Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine
|June 30, 2015
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Summary

MicroRNAs are crucial in heart disease. This review explores microRNA-based strategies for diagnosing, preventing, and treating heart failure (HF), discussing current methods, challenges, and future directions.

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Heart failureMicroRNATherapeutics

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are key regulators in cardiac pathophysiology.
  • Dysregulation of miRNAs is implicated in the development and progression of heart failure (HF).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the critical role of miRNAs in heart failure.
  • To explore the potential of miRNA-based technologies for HF diagnosis, prevention, and treatment.
  • To discuss current miRNA-based therapeutic strategies, their limitations, and future prospects in human HF.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature review of recent studies on miRNAs and heart failure.
  • Analysis of current miRNA-based therapeutic approaches, including delivery methods and challenges.
  • Discussion of diagnostic and prognostic applications of miRNAs in HF.

Main Results:

  • miRNAs significantly influence various aspects of cardiac disease, including HF.
  • Several miRNA-based therapeutic strategies are under investigation, showing promise but facing hurdles.
  • miRNAs hold potential as biomarkers for HF diagnosis and prognosis.

Conclusions:

  • miRNA-based therapies offer novel avenues for managing heart failure.
  • Overcoming challenges in delivery, stability, and specificity is crucial for clinical translation.
  • Further research is needed to fully harness the therapeutic potential of miRNAs in human HF.