[Bone and Nutrition. A novel function of phosphorus]

Area of Science:

• Biochemistry
• Human Physiology
• Nutritional Science

Context:

• Phosphorus is a critical mineral for skeletal integrity, energy metabolism (ATP), and cellular structures (nucleic acids, phospholipids).
• Emerging research highlights the detrimental effects of phosphorus imbalance on systemic health.
• Existing literature primarily focuses on phosphorus's role in bone metabolism, necessitating broader investigation.

Purpose:

• To review recent findings on the systemic effects of high or low dietary phosphorus intake.
• To elucidate the impact of phosphorus dysregulation on organs other than bone.
• To consolidate current knowledge on phosphorus's non-skeletal physiological and pathophysiological roles.

Summary:

• Both excess and insufficient dietary phosphorus intake are linked to adverse health outcomes.
• Specific non-skeletal effects include vascular dysfunction, cardiac hypertrophy, and impaired glucose tolerance.
• This review synthesizes evidence concerning these systemic consequences, excluding bone-related impacts.

Impact:

• Provides a comprehensive overview of phosphorus's systemic effects, informing clinical practice and nutritional guidelines.
• Highlights potential therapeutic targets for managing conditions associated with phosphorus imbalance.
• Underscores the importance of maintaining optimal dietary phosphorus levels for overall health.