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The Minimum Legal Drinking Age and Crime
Christopher Carpenter1, Carlos Dobkin2
1Vanderbilt University.
The Review of Economics and Statistics
|June 30, 2015
Summary
Increasing legal drinking age reduces crime. Individuals over 21 show a 5.9% rise in arrests for assaults and alcohol offenses, highlighting alcohol access
Area of Science:
- Criminology
- Public Health
- Economics
Background:
- Access to alcohol is a significant factor influencing crime rates.
- Understanding the causal link between alcohol availability and criminal activity is crucial for policy development.
Purpose of the Study:
- To estimate the causal effect of alcohol access on crime rates.
- To analyze the impact of minimum legal drinking age policies on crime.
- To identify specific crime types associated with alcohol access.
Main Methods:
- Utilized a regression discontinuity design.
- Analyzed a census of arrest data in California.
- Leveraged variation in the minimum legal drinking age to establish causality.
Main Results:
- Individuals just over the age of 21 were 5.9% more likely to be arrested compared to those just under.
- The increase in arrests was primarily driven by assaults, alcohol-related offenses, and nuisance crimes.
- Demonstrated a statistically significant relationship between legal alcohol access and increased arrest rates.
Conclusions:
- Policies restricting alcohol access can lead to a substantial reduction in crime.
- The minimum legal drinking age serves as a critical policy lever for crime prevention.
- Findings support evidence-based strategies for mitigating alcohol-related crime.
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