Immunodeficiency in adults a practical guide for the allergist

Area of Science:

• Clinical Immunology
• Genetics
• Internal Medicine

Background:

• Over 200 primary immunodeficiency (ID) forms exist, often diagnosed in childhood.
• Antibody deficiencies, particularly common variable immunodeficiency (CVID), frequently manifest in adulthood with significant diagnostic delays exceeding 4 years.
• ID can present with immune dysregulation, mimicking autoimmune or inflammatory conditions, complicating diagnosis.

Conclusions:

• Early identification of clinical warning signs is crucial for timely diagnosis of adult primary immunodeficiencies.
• A systematic diagnostic approach is necessary to differentiate primary from secondary ID and manage complex cases.
• Collaboration between primary care, allergists, and specialist centers is essential for optimal patient care.