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Risk Factors for Measles in HIV-infected Children and Adolescents in Botswana

Kathleen E Wirth1, Elizabeth R Wolf, David M Goldfarb

  • 1From the *Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; †Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Health, University of Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana; ‡Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; §Botswana-UPenn Partnership, Gaborone, Botswana; ¶Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada; ‖University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; **Botswana-Baylor Children's Clinical Centre of Excellence, Gaborone, Botswana; ††Baylor College of Medicine International Pediatric AIDS Initiative at Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas; and ‡‡Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal
|June 30, 2015
PubMed

Insights

Older, HIV-infected children in Botswana faced a higher risk of measles during an outbreak. This suggests that additional measles vaccination may be beneficial for this vulnerable group.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Measles outbreaks pose a significant threat to vulnerable populations, including children living with HIV.
  • Understanding risk factors for measles acquisition is crucial for targeted prevention strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify risk factors associated with measles infection among HIV-infected children during a 2009-2010 outbreak in Botswana.

Main Methods:

  • A matched case-control study was conducted involving 566 HIV-infected children.
  • Participants were analyzed based on age quartiles to determine risk stratification.

Main Results:

  • Children in the oldest age quartile (≥13.1 years) exhibited a 4-fold increased likelihood of acquiring measles compared to the youngest quartile (<7.1 years).
  • Age emerged as a significant risk factor for measles acquisition in this cohort.

Conclusions:

  • Older, HIV-infected children and adolescents represent a high-risk group for measles during outbreaks.
  • Consideration should be given to supplementary measles vaccination strategies for HIV-infected older children and adolescents to enhance protection.

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