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Sensor Based on Aptamer Folding to Detect Low-Molecular Weight Analytes.

Alina Osypova1,2, Dhruv Thakar1,2, Jérôme Dejeu1,2

  • 1†Université Grenoble Alpes, DCM UMR 5250, F-38000 Grenoble, France.

Analytical Chemistry
|July 1, 2015
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Summary

This study enhances aptamer-based biosensors for detecting small molecules using quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D). Aptamer conformational changes upon target binding amplify signals by releasing coupled water, improving detection sensitivity.

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Area of Science:

  • Biosensor technology
  • Analytical chemistry
  • Biomolecular engineering

Background:

  • Aptamers are effective biorecognition elements for biosensors.
  • Quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D) offers label-free, real-time molecular interaction analysis.
  • Detecting low molecular weight targets with QCM-D remains challenging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an enhanced QCM-D method for enantioselective detection of small molecules using aptamer-based sensors.
  • To leverage aptamer conformational changes to amplify detection signals.
  • To demonstrate the method's efficacy using L-tyrosinamide (L-Tym) as a model.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing aptamer-functionalized QCM-D for real-time monitoring.
  • Exploiting aptamer conformational changes upon target binding to displace acoustically coupled water.
  • Combining QCM-D with spectroscopic ellipsometry for in situ analysis.

Main Results:

  • Aptamer conformational changes upon L-Tym binding induced a significant QCM-D signal enhancement.
  • The method achieved enantioselective recognition of L-tyrosinamide.
  • Spectroscopic ellipsometry confirmed a nanometric decrease in aptamer layer thickness, correlating with water release.

Conclusions:

  • Aptamer conformational changes coupled with QCM-D provide a sensitive platform for small molecule detection.
  • The displacement of acoustically coupled water is a key factor in signal amplification.
  • This approach offers a promising strategy for developing advanced aptamer-based biosensors for low molecular weight analytes.