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Modeling in Therapy01:26

Modeling in Therapy

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Modeling, a key technique in therapy, uses observational learning to help clients acquire and practice new skills by watching therapists demonstrate desired behaviors. This approach, rooted in Albert Bandura's concept of vicarious learning, plays a significant role in therapeutic interventions for various psychological conditions, including social anxiety, ADHD, and depression.
Participant Modeling
Participant modeling involves therapists demonstrating calm and effective behaviors in...
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Operant Conditioning Intervention01:24

Operant Conditioning Intervention

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Operant conditioning serves as a foundational principle in therapeutic interventions aimed at modifying maladaptive behaviors. Central to this approach is the notion that behaviors, both adaptive and maladaptive, are learned through reinforcement. By analyzing the environmental factors that reinforce problematic behaviors, clinicians can design interventions to weaken these reinforcements and replace maladaptive behaviors with healthier alternatives.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 8, 2026

A Familiarization Protocol Facilitates the Participation of Children with ASD in Electrophysiological Research
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Eliminating Rumination in Developmentally Disabled Children: A Case Report.

Amber Severio1, Javier Monagas2, R Adam Noel2

  • 1Louisiana State University Health Science Center, New Orleans, Louisiana;

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|July 1, 2015
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Rumination in children with developmental delays can be managed. Jejunal tube feeding and adding unpleasant tastes to the stomach effectively stopped this self-stimulating habit.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Gastroenterology
  • Developmental Pediatrics
  • Behavioral Therapy

Background:

  • Rumination is a self-stimulating habit in developmentally delayed children, causing social isolation.
  • Existing treatments for rumination in this population are limited.

Observation:

  • Two nonambulatory, nonverbal 4-year-old children exhibited frequent, awake rumination.
  • Caregivers sought solutions due to the significant social challenges posed by the condition.

Findings:

  • A treatment combining jejunal tube feeding (to keep the stomach empty) and the introduction of unpalatable substances (N-acetylcysteine or hot sauce) into the stomach was implemented.
  • This intervention successfully eliminated rumination within one week in both children.
  • One child was able to have the feeding tube removed after 3 months with no recurrence of rumination during a 1-year follow-up.

Implications:

  • Jejunal tube feeding combined with gastric instillation of unpalatable substances offers a novel and effective treatment for rumination in developmentally delayed children.
  • This approach can significantly improve quality of life for affected children and their families.
  • Further research into the long-term efficacy and applicability of this combined treatment is warranted.