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Thyroid Function/Antibodies in Sudanese Patients with Preeclampsia
Enaam T Elhaj1, Ishag Adam2, Ammar Alim1
1Faculty of Applied Medical Science, Gezira University , Medani , Sudan.
Frontiers in Endocrinology
|July 1, 2015
Summary
Preeclampsia in Sudan is linked to altered thyroid function, with higher thyroid hormones (T3, T4) and anti-TPO antibodies, but lower TSH and anti-TG antibodies. These thyroid changes were observed regardless of parity or gestational age.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Obstetrics
- Immunology
Background:
- Preeclampsia poses significant risks to maternal and fetal health globally, particularly in developing nations.
- Thyroid dysfunction and autoimmunity in preeclampsia are poorly understood and uninvestigated in Sudan.
- Existing research on thyroid profiles in preeclampsia shows controversial findings.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate thyroid function and antibody profiles in Sudanese women with preeclampsia.
- To compare thyroid hormone levels and autoantibodies between preeclamptic women and healthy controls.
- To analyze differences in thyroid parameters between mild and severe preeclampsia cases.
Main Methods:
- A case-control study involving 165 women (55 each) with controls, mild preeclampsia, and severe preeclampsia at Medani Hospital, Sudan.
- Sociodemographic and medical history collected via questionnaires.
- Measurement of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free tri-iodothyronine (T3), free thyroxine (T4), anti-thyroid peroxidase (anti-TPO), and anti-thyroglobulin (anti-TG) antibodies using ELISA.
Main Results:
- Women with preeclampsia exhibited significantly lower TSH, higher free T3, and higher free T4 compared to controls.
- Severe preeclampsia cases showed higher free T3 and lower free T4 than mild preeclampsia cases.
- Anti-TPO antibodies were significantly higher, while anti-TG antibodies were significantly lower in preeclamptic women, with similar trends observed between mild and severe cases.
Conclusions:
- Sudanese women with preeclampsia demonstrate distinct thyroid function and antibody profiles, characterized by suppressed TSH, elevated T3/T4, increased anti-TPO, and decreased anti-TG.
- Thyroid hormone and antibody alterations in preeclampsia are significant, independent of parity, gestational age, and hemoglobin levels.
- These findings highlight the potential role of thyroid dysfunction in preeclampsia pathogenesis within the Sudanese population.
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