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Lacunar thalamic infarcts and amnesia.

E Ghidoni1, F Pattacini, D Galimberti

  • 1Department of Neurology, S. Maria Nuova Hospital, Reggio Emilia, Italy.

European Neurology
|January 1, 1989
PubMed
Summary

Paramedian thalamic infarcts, often affecting consciousness and memory, can cause lasting amnesic syndromes. These lacunar infarcts, impacting paramedian thalamic arteries, present with diverse neurological deficits.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Neuroradiology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Lacunar infarcts in the thalamus are relatively uncommon.
  • The paramedian thalamic arteries supply critical structures involved in consciousness, memory, and eye movements.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the clinical and radiological findings of paramedian thalamic lacunar infarcts.
  • To highlight the spectrum of neurological deficits associated with these specific infarcts.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of six cases with CT scan evidence of paramedian thalamic infarcts.
  • Clinical assessment of acute symptoms and long-term neurological outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Six cases of paramedian thalamic infarcts (4 unilateral, 2 bilateral) were identified.
  • Common acute symptoms included disorders of consciousness, hypersomnia, and vertical gaze paresis.
  • All patients developed amnesic syndromes of varying severity and duration, with one case persisting for two years.

Conclusions:

  • Paramedian thalamic lacunar infarcts can lead to significant and persistent memory impairments.
  • Disorders of consciousness and eye movement abnormalities are characteristic acute presentations.
  • Aphasia may occur in cases of lateral thalamic infarction.

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