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Photonic crystal fiber interferometric vector bending sensor.

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    This study demonstrates a compact photonic crystal fiber (PCF) sensor for precise bending detection. The novel optical fiber sensor can distinguish bending orientation and monitor small inclination angles.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optoelectronics
    • Fiber Optics Sensors
    • Interferometry

    Background:

    • Interferometric sensors offer high sensitivity for measuring physical parameters.
    • Photonic Crystal Fibers (PCF) provide unique light manipulation properties.
    • Developing compact and orientation-sensitive bending sensors is crucial for various applications.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To demonstrate a compact and highly sensitive interferometric bending sensor.
    • To enable the sensor to distinguish the bending or inclination orientation.
    • To achieve high sensitivity for monitoring small bending angles.

    Main Methods:

    • Fabrication of a mode interferometer by inserting a short segment of PCF into SMF.
    • Utilizing a microscopic collapsed zone at the PCF-SMF junction for mode excitation and recombination.
    • Operating the device in reflection mode to detect interference pattern shifts and shrinking.

    Main Results:

    • The sensor successfully distinguished bending orientation due to asymmetric refractive index changes in the PCF.
    • Achieved a high sensitivity of up to 1225 pm/degree.
    • Demonstrated the capability to monitor small bending angles within ±2°.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed PCF-based interferometric sensor is compact, highly sensitive, and capable of orientation detection.
    • The sensor's unique attributes make it suitable for a wide range of applications requiring precise bending monitoring.
    • This technology advances optical fiber sensing for inclination and bending measurements.