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Related Concept Videos

Bacterial Gastroenteritis01:18

Bacterial Gastroenteritis

48
Bacterial gastroenteritis, characterized by diarrhea, abdominal cramps, and vomiting, is often caused by ingestion of contaminated food or water and is frequently associated with pathogenic Escherichia coli strains. These microbes exploit two principal mechanisms to inflict disease.Shiga toxin–producing E. coli, also referred to as STEC—notably O157:H7—release Shiga toxins that target ribosomes, blocking protein synthesis. The B subunit of the toxin binds the host glycolipid...
48

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Identification of Candidate Adherent-Invasive E. coli Signature Transcripts by Genomic/Transcriptomic Analysis.

Yuanhao Zhang1, Leahana Rowehl2, Julia M Krumsiek3

  • 1Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States of America.

Plos One
|July 1, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study identified unique genetic markers in adherent-invasive Escherichia coli (AIEC) linked to Crohn's disease (CD). These findings could lead to new culture-independent diagnostic tools for AIEC detection in patients.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Genomics
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Adherent-invasive Escherichia coli (AIEC) are frequently found in Crohn's disease (CD) lesions.
  • AIEC exhibits adherence, invasion of intestinal cells, and intracellular survival within macrophages.
  • Accurate identification of AIEC is crucial for understanding CD pathogenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify candidate transcripts distinguishing AIEC from non-invasive E. coli (NIEC).
  • To explore potential culture-independent methods for AIEC identification.
  • To uncover genetic signatures associated with AIEC in inflammatory bowel disease.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative RNA-Sequence (RNASeq) analysis of AIEC strain LF82 and NIEC strain HS.
  • Differential gene expression analysis during exponential and stationary growth phases.
  • In silico subtractive genomics to identify AIEC-specific genes.
  • Reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) on patient samples.

Main Results:

  • Significant differential expression of genes related to transition metal transport, siderophore metabolism, glycogen metabolism, and oxidation-reduction pathways in AIEC.
  • Identification of 747 AIEC-specific coding sequences (CDS) and 166 CDS lacking homology in NIEC strains.
  • Discovery of CRISPR-associated (Cas) gene loci and pdu operon genes enriched in AIEC.
  • Higher expression of Cas loci in fecal and ileal RNA from CD patients compared to non-IBD controls.

Conclusions:

  • Comparative genomic and transcriptomic approaches can identify AIEC signature transcripts.
  • CRISPR-associated (Cas) genes show potential as biomarkers for AIEC in CD.
  • These findings support the development of rapid, culture-independent AIEC detection methods.