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Three dimensional multi-cellular muscle-like tissue engineering in perfusion-based bioreactors.

Giulia Cerino1, Emanuele Gaudiello1, Thomas Grussenmeyer1

  • 1Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel and Department of Surgery, University Hospital of Basel, 4031, Basel, Switzerland.

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|July 2, 2015
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Summary

This study optimized serum levels for 3D muscle tissue engineering. A 10% serum concentration in perfusion bioreactors best supported skeletal myoblast differentiation and co-culture with stromal vascular fraction cells for functional tissue models.

Keywords:
bioreactorperfusionserum percentageskeletal myoblastsstromal cellstissue engineering

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Tissue Engineering
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Conventional tissue engineering often uses single cell types, limiting in vitro tissue complexity.
  • Previous co-cultures used skeletal myoblasts with separate mesenchymal or endothelial cells.
  • Adipose tissue-derived stromal vascular fraction (SVF) offers a more native stromal component.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of serum concentration on skeletal myoblast behavior in 3D perfusion culture.
  • To determine optimal serum conditions for co-culture with SVF cells in engineered muscle tissues.
  • To develop a functional 3D engineered muscle model mimicking native tissue complexity.

Main Methods:

  • Skeletal myoblasts were cultured in 3D perfusion bioreactors with varying serum concentrations (5%, 10%, 20%).
  • Cell proliferation, differentiation, and myotube maturation were assessed.
  • Co-culture experiments with SVF cells were performed under optimized conditions.

Main Results:

  • 10% serum supplementation significantly enhanced skeletal myoblast differentiation and myotube maturation in 3D culture.
  • This condition also supported co-culture with SVF cells, promoting skeletal myoblast development.
  • Engineered tissues exhibited improved functionality and resembled native multi-cellular environments.

Conclusions:

  • Optimized serum concentration (10%) is critical for 3D skeletal myoblast culture in perfusion systems.
  • Co-culture with adipose-derived SVF cells in 10% serum yields a functional engineered muscle tissue.
  • This approach advances the development of more physiologically relevant in vitro muscle models.