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Conceptualising patient empowerment: a mixed methods study.

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Summary

This study developed a conceptual map for patient empowerment, defining its components and relationship with health literacy. This map aids in designing and evaluating interventions for patient empowerment in long-term conditions.

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Area of Science:

  • Health Services Research
  • Patient Experience
  • Health Policy

Background:

  • Patient empowerment initiatives are increasing, particularly for long-term conditions.
  • A lack of a clear definition hinders the assessment of patient empowerment interventions.
  • This study aimed to define patient empowerment and its relationship with health literacy, self-management, and shared decision-making.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a conceptual map of patient empowerment.
  • To identify key components of patient empowerment.
  • To explore relationships between patient empowerment and related constructs.

Main Methods:

  • A mixed-methods approach combining a scoping literature review and qualitative interviews.
  • Literature review identified 67 definitions of patient empowerment.
  • 19 semi-structured interviews with key stakeholders (patients, providers, researchers) were conducted and analyzed.

Main Results:

  • A conceptual map was developed, illustrating patient empowerment as a spectrum with measurable indicators.
  • Five key components were identified: ethos, moderators, interventions, indicators, and outcomes.
  • The map clarifies relationships with health literacy, self-management, and shared decision-making.

Conclusions:

  • A novel conceptual map of patient empowerment has been created.
  • This map is grounded in existing literature and stakeholder perspectives.
  • It can guide the design, implementation, and evaluation of patient empowerment interventions.