Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Fast Decoupled and DC Powerflow01:24

Fast Decoupled and DC Powerflow

851
The fast decoupled power flow method addresses contingencies in power system operations, such as generator outages or transmission line failures. This method provides quick power flow solutions, essential for real-time system adjustments. Fast decoupled power flow algorithms simplify the Jacobian matrix by neglecting certain elements, leading to two sets of decoupled equations:
851
Implicit Differentiation: Problem Solving01:29

Implicit Differentiation: Problem Solving

161
Curves defined implicitly, where variables cannot be separated algebraically, require specialized techniques for analysis. The conchoid of Nicomedes exemplifies such a case. Its equation links x and y in a way that prevents isolation of one variable, making implicit differentiation essential to determine the slope and behavior at any point on the curve.The implicit form of the conchoid can be expressed as:To differentiate this equation, y is treated as a function of x, and the chain rule is...
161
Derivatives: Problem Solving01:26

Derivatives: Problem Solving

205
Temperature-Dependent Growth of Brook TroutThe growth of brook trout is closely influenced by water temperature. Experimental data demonstrate how trout weight changes over a 24-day period in response to varying water temperatures. At lower temperatures, such as 15.5 degrees Celsius, brook trout show significant weight gain. However, as the temperature increases, the amount of weight gained steadily decreases. At the highest temperature measured, 24.4 degrees Celsius, trout experience a net...
205
Woodward–Hoffmann Selection Rules and Microscopic Reversibility01:34

Woodward–Hoffmann Selection Rules and Microscopic Reversibility

4.2K
Electrocyclic reactions, cycloadditions, and sigmatropic rearrangements are concerted pericyclic reactions that proceed via a cyclic transition state. These reactions are stereospecific and regioselective. The stereochemistry of the products depends on the symmetry characteristics of the interacting orbitals and the reaction conditions. Accordingly, pericyclic reactions are classified as either symmetry-allowed or symmetry-forbidden. Woodward and Hoffmann presented the selection criteria for...
4.2K
Rolling Resistance: Problem Solving01:17

Rolling Resistance: Problem Solving

925
Rolling resistance, also known as rolling friction, is the force that resists the motion of a rolling object, such as a wheel, tire, or ball, when it moves over a surface. It is caused by the deformation of the object and the surface in contact with each other, as well as other factors like internal friction, hysteresis, and energy losses within the materials. Rolling resistance opposes the object's motion, requiring additional energy to overcome it and maintain movement. In practical...
925
Gradually Varying Flow01:29

Gradually Varying Flow

642
Gradually varying flow (GVF) in open channels describes situations where water depth changes slowly along the channel due to factors like non-uniform bed slope, channel shape variations, or obstructions. This flow type occurs when the depth adjusts gradually to balance gravitational forces, shear forces, and energy requirements, resulting in a low rate of depth change.Characteristics of Gradually Varying FlowGVF is commonly observed in natural streams, rivers, and canals, where flow depth...
642

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Concurrent Versus Sequential Radiation Dose Escalation to the Surgical Cavity for Conservative Treatment of High-Risk Early Breast Cancer: NRG/RTOG 1005 Phase III Trial.

Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology·2026
Same author

Organ-specific equivalent uniform dose constraints and radiobiological parameters for radiation treatment planning of abdominal tumors.

Journal of applied clinical medical physics·2025
Same author

Omitting Regional Nodal Irradiation after Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy.

The New England journal of medicine·2025
Same author

Quantification and Dosimetric Impact of Normal Organ Motion During Adaptive Radiation Therapy Planning Using a 1.5 Tesla Magnetic Resonance-Equipped Linear Accelerator (MR-Linac).

Advances in radiation oncology·2025
Same author

Enhancing pancreatic tumor delineation using dual-energy CT-derived extracellular volume fraction map.

Biomedical physics & engineering express·2024
Same author

Changes in Daily Apparent Diffusion Coefficient on Fully Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Imaging Correlate With Established Genomic Pathways of Radiation Sensitivity and Reveal Novel Biologic Associations.

International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics·2024
Same journal

Correction to "On the shape of the radiation survival curve in tumor spheroids: The role of oxygen heterogeneity".

Medical physics·2026
Same journal

Multi-view constrained semi-supervised vertebra detection for 3D ultrasound spine volume.

Medical physics·2026
Same journal

Accuracy of quantitative <sup>177</sup>Lu SPECT/CT imaging: A systematic review.

Medical physics·2026
Same journal

Physics-constrained dual-domain network for CBCT reconstruction from orthogonal X-rays in gynecologic radiotherapy.

Medical physics·2026
Same journal

Decomposition-based harmonization for quantitative PET imaging across scanners and radiotracers.

Medical physics·2026
Same journal

Development and evaluation of an in vivo dose-based monitoring system for electron FLASH radiation therapy.

Medical physics·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 8, 2026

The Modular Design and Production of an Intelligent Robot Based on a Closed-Loop Control Strategy
11:53

The Modular Design and Production of an Intelligent Robot Based on a Closed-Loop Control Strategy

Published on: October 14, 2017

12.4K

Gradient maintenance: A new algorithm for fast online replanning.

Ergun E Ahunbay1, X Allen Li1

  • 1Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226.

Medical Physics
|July 2, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new gradient maintenance (GM) algorithm significantly speeds up online adaptive replanning in radiation therapy by eliminating the need for organs at risk (OARs) delineation. This automation improves planning time and consistency for cancer treatments.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 8, 2026

The Modular Design and Production of an Intelligent Robot Based on a Closed-Loop Control Strategy
11:53

The Modular Design and Production of an Intelligent Robot Based on a Closed-Loop Control Strategy

Published on: October 14, 2017

12.4K

Area of Science:

  • Radiation Oncology
  • Medical Physics
  • Image-Guided Therapy

Background:

  • Online adaptive replanning in radiation therapy is crucial for improving treatment accuracy.
  • Current methods are time-consuming due to the need for daily organ at risk (OAR) delineation.
  • This significantly limits the clinical adoption and efficiency of adaptive replanning.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce and evaluate a novel Gradient Maintenance (GM) algorithm for online adaptive replanning.
  • To assess the GM algorithm's ability to reduce planning time and maintain plan quality without OAR delineation.
  • To enhance automation and throughput in online replanning workflows.

Main Methods:

  • The GM algorithm hypothesizes preserving dose gradients to OARs from the original plan.
  • It uses automatically generated partial concentric rings (PCRs) around the target.
  • PCRs incorporate dose constraints derived from the original plan's dose-volume data for daily optimization.

Main Results:

  • GM-based adaptive replanning was completed in under 5 minutes using only target contouring.
  • The algorithm did not require high-power computing resources.
  • GM plans demonstrated comparable quality to regular optimization plans and superiority over repositioning plans.

Conclusions:

  • The GM algorithm substantially increases planning speed for online adaptive replanning by omitting OAR delineation.
  • It offers a potential solution for improving automation and efficiency in radiation therapy.
  • GM is particularly promising for treatments involving small-to-medium targets adjacent to critical structures.