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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 8, 2026

Studying Orthodontic Tooth Movement in Mice
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Orthodontic Force Induces Systemic Inflammatory Monocyte Responses.

M Zeng1, X Kou1, R Yang1

  • 1Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Haidian District, Beijing, P.R. China Center for Craniofacial Stem Cell Research and Regeneration, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Haidian District, Beijing, P.R. China.

Journal of Dental Research
|July 2, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Orthodontic force affects systemic immunity, reducing inflammatory monocytes. These monocytes are recruited to the jawbone, aiding in the bone remodeling process during tooth movement.

Keywords:
chemokine CCL2immune systeminflammationmononuclear phagocyte systemosteoclaststooth movement

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Orthodontics
  • Bone Biology

Background:

  • Periodontal inflammation and alveolar bone remodeling during orthodontic tooth movement are typically viewed as localized responses.
  • The involvement of systemic immune responses in these regional reactions is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the systemic effects of orthodontic force on the mononuclear phagocyte system.
  • To explore the role of systemic inflammatory monocytes in orthodontic tooth movement.

Main Methods:

  • Flow cytometry was used to analyze inflammatory monocyte percentages in peripheral blood and spleen.
  • Osteoclast activity was assessed by counting tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-positive cells.
  • Monocyte recruitment was tracked using fluorescently labeled monocytes and in vivo/in vitro cell culture experiments.
  • Monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1) expression was measured in periodontal tissues and cells.

Main Results:

  • Orthodontic force application led to a transient decrease in inflammatory monocyte percentages in blood and spleen.
  • An increase in osteoclasts was observed on the compression side of periodontal tissues.
  • Systemically transfused inflammatory monocytes were recruited to the periodontal tissues under orthodontic force.
  • Orthodontic force upregulated monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1) in periodontal tissues, facilitating monocyte recruitment.

Conclusions:

  • Orthodontic force induces systemic immune responses involving inflammatory monocytes.
  • Systemic inflammatory monocytes are recruited to periodontal tissues by orthodontic forces, contributing to regional bone remodeling.
  • Monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1) plays a key role in mediating this recruitment process.