Assessment of collicular fractures of the medial malleous

Collicular fractures of the medial malleolus have been described in literature as early as 1950 by Bonnin and then by Pankovich in 1979, yet have been given relatively little attention in orthopaedic and radiologic literature. A precise knowledge of the anatomy of the deltoid ligament, and anterior and posterior colliculi in relation to obtained radiographs is important in the determination of whether a fracture is considered to be stable or unstable, and thus bears an impact on its treatment. The intent of this discussion is to review the structures which comprise the medial malleolus and the assessment of their involvement in acute injury.