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Circulatory and Ventilatory Power: Characterization in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease
Viviane Castello-Simões1, Vinicius Minatel1, Marlus Karsten1
1Laboratório de Fisioterapia Cardiovascular, Núcleo de Pesquisa em Exercício Físico, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
Insights
Circulatory power (CP) and ventilatory power (VP) are significantly lower in men with coronary artery disease (CAD) compared to healthy individuals. These findings highlight potential markers for assessing cardiovascular health in CAD patients.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Exercise Physiology
Background:
- Circulatory power (CP) and ventilatory power (VP) are established clinical evaluation indices for heart failure.
- Their utility in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) without heart failure remains uncharacterized.
Purpose of the Study:
- To characterize and compare CP and VP in men with CAD versus healthy controls.
- To identify potential differences in these power indices between the groups.
Main Methods:
- Eighty-seven men (42 with CAD, 45 healthy controls) aged 40-65 years underwent cardiopulmonary exercise testing.
- Key parameters measured included peak oxygen consumption, heart rate, blood pressure, and derived CP and VP indices.
Main Results:
- Men with CAD exhibited significantly lower peak VO2, HR, BP, rate-pressure product, oxygen pulse, OUES, CP, and VP compared to controls.
- CAD patients also showed higher peak diastolic BP and carbon dioxide production efficiency.
Conclusions:
- Circulatory power and ventilatory power indices are demonstrably lower in men with coronary artery disease compared to healthy controls.
- These findings suggest CP and VP may serve as valuable indicators in the assessment of CAD.
Background:
Circulatory power (CP) and ventilatory power (VP) are indices that have been used for the clinical evaluation of patients with heart failure; however, no study has evaluated these indices in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) without heart failure.
Objective:
To characterize both indices in patients with CAD compared with healthy controls.
Methods:
Eighty-seven men [CAD group = 42 subjects and healthy control group (CG) = 45 subjects] aged 40-65 years were included. Cardiopulmonary exercise testing was performed on a treadmill and the following parameters were measured: 1) peak oxygen consumption (VO2), 2) peak heart rate (HR), 3) peak blood pressure (BP), 4) peak rate-pressure product (peak systolic HR x peak BP), 5) peak oxygen pulse (peak VO2/peak HR), 6) oxygen uptake efficiency (OUES), 7) carbon dioxide production efficiency (minute ventilation/carbon dioxide production slope), 8) CP (peak VO2 x peak systolic BP) and 9) VP (peak systolic BP/carbon dioxide production efficiency).
Results:
The CAD group had significantly lower values for peak VO2 (p < 0.001), peak HR (p < 0.001), peak systolic BP (p < 0.001), peak rate-pressure product (p < 0.001), peak oxygen pulse (p = 0.008), OUES (p < 0.001), CP (p < 0.001), and VP (p < 0.001) and significantly higher values for peak diastolic BP (p = 0.004) and carbon dioxide production efficiency (p < 0.001) compared with CG. Stepwise regression analysis showed that CP was influenced by group (R2 = 0.44, p < 0.001) and VP was influenced by both group and number of vessels with stenosis after treatment (interaction effects: R2 = 0.46, p < 0.001).
Conclusion:
The indices CP and VP were lower in men with CAD than healthy controls.
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