Anti-NMDA Receptor Encephalitis During Pregnancy: A Case Report

Area of Science:

• Neurology
• Immunology
• Obstetrics

Background:

• Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (anti-NMDAR) encephalitis is a severe autoimmune neurological disorder.
• This condition primarily affects young women and can present with diverse neuropsychiatric symptoms.

Observation:

• A case of anti-NMDAR encephalitis in a 21-year-old woman during the 10th week of gestation is presented.
• The patient received methylprednisolone and intravenous immunoglobulins, leading to clinical improvement.

Findings:

• The pregnancy resulted in a normal birth with a healthy infant (normal APGAR score).
• The mother's neurological symptoms improved significantly within months of treatment.

Implications:

• This case underscores the importance of recognizing anti-NMDAR encephalitis in pregnant women presenting with neurological or psychiatric symptoms.
• Early diagnosis and multidisciplinary management are vital for successful pregnancy outcomes and maternal recovery.
• Increased awareness among obstetricians, neurologists, and psychiatrists is essential for timely intervention.