Splenic infarction associated with sickle cell trait at low altitude

Area of Science:

• Hematology
• Vascular Medicine

Background:

• Sickle cell trait is commonly linked to splenic infarction, particularly at high altitudes.
• Medical literature often suggests this complication is absent at low altitudes.

Observation:

• A case of splenic infarction in an 18-year-old woman with sickle cell trait residing at sea level was documented.
• Literature review identified 12 prior cases of low-altitude splenic infarction in sickle cell trait patients.

Findings:

• Spontaneous splenic infarction is possible in sickle cell trait patients living at low altitudes.
• While some cases have predisposing comorbidities, others occur without apparent risk factors.

Implications:

• The occurrence of splenic infarction at low altitudes in sickle cell trait may be more common than previously believed.
• Clinicians should consider sickle cell trait as a potential factor in splenic infarction, regardless of altitude.