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This study introduces a high-resolution imaging technique to map laser beam properties. It reveals laser frequency homogeneity above threshold and wavelength fluctuations in beam tails.

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Area of Science:

  • Optics and Photonics
  • Laser Physics
  • Beam Characterization

Background:

  • Understanding laser beam characteristics is crucial for applications.
  • Previous methods lacked simultaneous intensity and frequency mapping.
  • Laser frequency distribution and its relation to beam shape require detailed investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and demonstrate a high-resolution double-channel imaging method.
  • To synchronously map laser beam intensity and optical frequency distributions.
  • To analyze the spatial and temporal characteristics of laser beams.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing a novel high-resolution double-channel imaging system.
  • Synchronously capturing intensity and optical frequency data in the plane orthogonal to beam propagation.
  • Performing temporal analysis at specific points within the beam cross-section.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated that laser frequency distribution is inhomogeneous below threshold and homogeneous above threshold within the fundamental Gaussian mode.
  • Observed significant laser wavelength fluctuations in the beam tails, deviating from the Gaussian shape.
  • Identified potential causes for wavelength fluctuations, including manufacturing imperfections and spontaneous emission in low-intensity wings.

Conclusions:

  • The developed imaging method provides comprehensive spatial and temporal characterization of laser beams.
  • The study elucidates the transition of laser frequency distribution from inhomogeneity to homogeneity with increasing power.
  • Insights into beam defects and their spectral characteristics are gained, aiding in laser design and application.