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Related Concept Videos

Computed Tomography01:10

Computed Tomography

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Tomography refers to imaging by sections. Computed tomography (CT) is a non-invasive imaging technique that uses computers to analyze several cross-sectional X-rays to reveal minute details about structures in the body.
The technique was invented in the 1970s and is based on the principle that as X-rays pass through the body, they are absorbed or reflected at different levels. In the technique, a patient lies on a motorized platform while a computerized axial tomography (CAT) scanner rotates...
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Imaging Studies III: Computed Tomography01:27

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DefinitionComputed Tomography (CT) of the genitourinary (GU) tract is a non-invasive imaging modality that utilizes X-rays and computer processing to generate detailed cross-sectional images of the urinary system, encompassing the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and adjacent structures such as the adrenal glands.PurposeCT scans of the GU tract serve several diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, including:Diagnosis of Urinary Tract Diseases: Detects kidney stones, tumors, cysts, and congenital...
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Radiological Investigation I: X-ray and CT01:30

Radiological Investigation I: X-ray and CT

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Radiological investigations, including X-rays and computed tomography (CT) scans, are critical for diagnosing and evaluating various medical conditions. These imaging techniques provide valuable insights into the body's internal structures, aiding in the detection of abnormalities, assessment of disease progression, and development of treatment strategies. This article delves into two primary radiological investigations, chest X-rays and CT scans, outlining their purpose, procedures, and...
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Positron Emission Tomography01:29

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Positron emission tomography (PET) is a medical imaging technique involving radiopharmaceuticals — substances that emit short-lived radiation. Although the first PET scanner was introduced in 1961, it took 15 more years before radiopharmaceuticals were combined with the technique and revolutionized its potential.
One of the main requirements of a PET scan is a positron-emitting radioisotope, which is produced in a cyclotron and then attached to a substance used by the part of the body...
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Imaging Studies I: CT and MRI01:14

Imaging Studies I: CT and MRI

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Introduction: MRI and CT scans are crucial advancements in medical imaging techniques, playing a vital role in diagnosing conditions related to the gastrointestinal (GI) system. Each scan serves distinct purposes, targets specific areas, and requires unique nursing duties.
Description of the Procedures
Computed Tomography (CT) scan:
Computed Tomography (CT) scans use X-ray technology to generate detailed images of bones, organs, and tissues. During the scan, the patient lies on a moving table...
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Imaging Studies II: Positron Emission Tomography and Scintigraphy01:25

Imaging Studies II: Positron Emission Tomography and Scintigraphy

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Positron Emission Tomography (PET) is a medical imaging technique that provides crucial insights into the body's physiological functions at a molecular level. It is an indispensable resource for diagnosing, staging, and monitoring various illnesses, notably cancer, neurological disorders, and cardiovascular conditions.
Fundamental Principles of PET
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Evolution in Computed Tomography: The Battle for Speed and Dose.

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  • 1From the *Department of Radiology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany; †Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands; ‡Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; §Department of Medical Physics, University of Crete, Iraklion, Crete, Greece; and ∥X-Ray Imaging and CT, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.

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Computed tomography (CT) has advanced significantly, enabling rapid whole-body scans and expanding applications in oncology and cardiac imaging. Modern techniques also reduce radiation dose, making CT safer for routine use.

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Area of Science:

  • Radiology
  • Medical Imaging
  • Diagnostic Technology

Background:

  • Computed tomography (CT) has evolved from head-only scanners to advanced whole-body systems.
  • Technical progress in hardware and reconstruction has increased CT examination frequency across all age groups.
  • New applications like cardiac imaging and virtual colonoscopy have broadened CT's utility.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review technical advancements in CT scanner hardware and image reconstruction.
  • To discuss the clinical context and expanded applications of modern CT.
  • To highlight the development and impact of radiation dose reduction techniques in CT.

Main Methods:

  • Review of technical advancements in CT scanner hardware.
  • Analysis of image reconstruction techniques.
  • Discussion of clinical applications and dose reduction strategies.

Main Results:

  • Modern CT systems perform rapid, isotropic whole-body examinations.
  • CT is increasingly used for oncologic staging, trauma, cardiac imaging, and more.
  • Effective radiation doses below 1 mSv are achievable for many CT procedures.

Conclusions:

  • CT technology has revolutionized radiology with enhanced capabilities and safety.
  • Advancements facilitate comprehensive imaging for diagnosis and monitoring.
  • Dose reduction techniques ensure CT remains a valuable and safe diagnostic tool.