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Blunt Cardiac Injury in the Severely Injured - A Retrospective Multicentre Study.
Marc Hanschen1, Karl-Georg Kanz1, Chlodwig Kirchhoff1
1Department of Trauma Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany.
Plos One
|July 3, 2015
Summary
Blunt cardiac injury in severely injured patients is often underestimated. Stratifying injury severity using the Abbreviated Injury Score (AIS) is crucial for predicting patient outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Traumatology
- Cardiovascular Medicine
- Emergency Medicine
Background:
- Blunt cardiac injury (BCI) is an uncommon but significant consequence of severe trauma.
- Evaluating the prognostic value of BCI in critically injured patients is essential for improving care.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the relevance and prognostic significance of blunt cardiac injury in severely injured patients.
- To identify predictors of BCI and correlate injury severity with patient outcomes.
Main Methods:
- A retrospective multicenter study analyzed data from 47,580 patients in the TraumaRegister DGU (1993-2009).
- Blunt cardiac injury severity was classified using the Abbreviated Injury Score (AIS 1-6).
- The Revised Injury Severity Score (RISC) was used for outcome prediction and comparison.
Main Results:
- Sternal fractures were identified as a key predictor of BCI.
- The overall mortality rate was 13.9%, with higher rates for patients sustaining BCI (AIS 1-6).
- Severe BCI (AIS 4, 5-6) significantly increased mortality risk compared to predicted average mortality.
Conclusions:
- BCI in multiply injured patients may be underestimated, necessitating careful evaluation.
- Stratification of BCI severity by AIS score is vital for accurate outcome prediction.
- Patient outcomes are demonstrably dependent on the severity of blunt cardiac injury.
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