Association between preeclampsia and the CXC chemokine family (Review)
Xijing Liu1, L I Dai1, Rong Zhou1
1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China.
Insights
Preeclampsia, a condition causing hypertension and proteinuria in pregnancy, may involve CXC chemokines. These proteins regulate blood vessel formation and inflammation, potentially playing a role in preeclampsia development.
Area of Science:
- Obstetrics and Gynecology
- Immunology
- Vascular Biology
Background:
- Preeclampsia is a leading cause of maternal and perinatal mortality.
- It is characterized by gestational hypertension, proteinuria, and systemic inflammation.
- The exact cause remains unknown, but inadequate trophoblast invasion and endothelial dysfunction are implicated.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore the potential role of chemokines, specifically CXC chemokines, in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia.
- To understand how CXC chemokines, which regulate angiogenesis, might contribute to preeclampsia's development.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on preeclampsia, chemokines, and angiogenesis.
- Analysis of the known functions of CXC chemokine subfamilies (ELR+ and ELR-).
Main Results:
- CXC chemokines are involved in angiogenesis, immunity, and cell trafficking.
- The CXC chemokine family is divided into pro-angiogenic (CXC ELR+) and anti-angiogenic (CXC ELR-) subfamilies.
- CXC chemokines are implicated in various diseases, including inflammation and atherosclerosis, suggesting a potential role in preeclampsia.
Conclusions:
- CXC chemokines are key regulators of angiogenesis and inflammation.
- Their dysregulation may contribute to the endothelial dysfunction observed in preeclampsia.
- Further research is warranted to elucidate the specific role of CXC chemokines in preeclampsia pathogenesis.
Abstract:
Preeclampsia is a major cause of maternal and perinatal mortality and morbidity, characterized by gestational hypertension, proteinuria, systemic endothelial cell activation and an exaggerated inflammatory response. The precise cause of preeclampsia is not currently known; however, it is widely accepted that the pathogenesis of preeclampsia involves inadequate trophoblast invasion, leading to generalized endothelial dysfunction and an exaggerated inflammatory response. Chemokines are a superfamily of structurally similar proteins that mediate cell recruitment, angiogenesis, immunity and stem cell trafficking. CXC chemokines are a family of cytokines, unique in their ability to behave in a disparate manner in the regulation of angiogenesis. The CXC chemokine family further divides into two subfamilies; CXC ELR+, which promotes angiogenesis, and CXC ELR-, which inhibits angiogenesis. Furthermore, CXC chemokines are involved in the pathogenesis of various conditions, including malignant tumors, wound repair, chronic inflammation, atherosclerosis and potentially preeclampsia.
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