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BMP2 Is Associated with Caries Experience in Primary Teeth.

Helena Freire Romanos1, Leonardo Santos Antunes, Ludiana Barbosa Lopes

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Genetic variations in Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 (BMP2) may influence caries experience in primary teeth. This study found a link between BMP2 polymorphisms and caries susceptibility in a Brazilian cohort, but not enamel microhardness.

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Area of Science:

  • Genetics and Dental Research
  • Enamel Development and Caries Susceptibility

Background:

  • Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are crucial for enamel development.
  • BMPs' role in caries susceptibility warrants investigation due to their developmental importance.
  • Specific BMP gene polymorphisms (BMP2, BMP4, BMP7) are examined for associations with dental caries.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between polymorphisms in BMP2, BMP4, and BMP7 genes and caries experience.
  • To evaluate the relationship between these BMP gene polymorphisms and primary enamel microhardness.
  • To analyze genetic data from 1,731 subjects across three Brazilian datasets.

Main Methods:

  • Genomic DNA was extracted from buccal cells of 1,731 participants.
  • Polymorphisms in BMP2, BMP4, and BMP7 genes were analyzed using real-time polymerase chain reaction.
  • Statistical analyses, including chi-squared tests, logistic regression, and transmission disequilibrium tests, were employed to assess associations with caries experience and enamel microhardness.

Main Results:

  • A statistically significant association was found between BMP2 gene polymorphisms and caries experience in the primary dentition of the Nova Friburgo cohort (p = 0.023; OR = 2.58).
  • No significant associations were observed between BMP gene polymorphisms (BMP2, BMP4, BMP7) and primary enamel microhardness alterations.
  • Differences in caries experience related to certain risk factors were statistically significant.

Conclusions:

  • The BMP2 gene may play a role in caries experience in primary dentition.
  • BMP gene polymorphisms do not appear to influence primary enamel microhardness.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate the specific mechanisms linking BMP2 to caries development.