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Extracellular phytase from Aspergillus niger CFR 335: purification and characterization
B S Gunashree1, G Venkateswaran1
1Department of Food Microbiology, Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, 570 020 India.
Journal of Food Science and Technology
|July 4, 2015
Summary
This study purified Aspergillus niger CFR 335 phytase, an enzyme that breaks down phytic acid. This enhances mineral absorption, offering a valuable feed additive for improved animal nutrition.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Enzymology
- Animal Nutrition
Background:
- Phytase is a crucial feed additive, hydrolyzing phytic acid found in plant-based commodities.
- Phytic acid inhibits the bioavailability of essential minerals like calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, zinc, and iron.
- Improving mineral absorption through phytase supplementation benefits animal health and reduces environmental phosphorus excretion.
Purpose of the Study:
- To purify and characterize an extracellular phytase from a local fungal isolate, Aspergillus niger CFR 335.
- To assess the enzyme's properties for potential application as a feed additive.
Main Methods:
- Extracellular phytase was purified using a three-step column chromatography technique with DEAE-Sephadex anion exchanger.
- Enzyme activity was determined, and substrate specificity, kinetic parameters (Km), molecular weight, optimal temperature, and pH were analyzed.
- Enzyme stability was evaluated under specific storage conditions.
Main Results:
- The phytase was purified 16-fold with a yield of 28.5%, showing highest specific activity (32.6 ± 3.1 U/mg) with sodium phytate (Km = 0.08 ± 0.1 mM).
- The purified enzyme has a molecular weight of 66 kDa, with optimal activity at 30°C and pH 4.5.
- The enzyme retained 80% of its activity after 6 months of storage at 4°C, indicating good stability.
Conclusions:
- The characterized Aspergillus niger CFR 335 phytase demonstrates significant potential as an effective feed additive.
- Its ability to hydrolyze phytic acid and improve mineral bioavailability, coupled with its stability, makes it a valuable candidate for enhancing animal nutrition and sustainability.
