Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Respiration and Gaseous Exchange01:20

Respiration and Gaseous Exchange

4.4K
The intricate interplay between the cardiovascular and respiratory systems is crucial for efficiently transporting respiratory gases throughout the body. Let us explore the cardiovascular system's multifaceted functions, emphasizing its pivotal role in gas exchange.
Respiration involves the exchange of gases, especially oxygen (O2) and carbon dioxide (CO2), between the alveoli and body cells, a process facilitated by blood circulation. As a result, the cardiovascular system, which involves...
4.4K
Oxygen Transport in the Blood01:27

Oxygen Transport in the Blood

8.4K
Hemoglobin (Hb) is a crucial molecule in the human body, consisting of four polypeptide chains, each bound to an iron-containing heme group. This unique structure enables hemoglobin to bind to oxygen, with each molecule capable of combining with four molecules of oxygen, leading to rapid and reversible oxygen loading. When fully loaded with oxygen, it is called oxyhemoglobin, while hemoglobin that has released oxygen is called reduced hemoglobin or deoxyhemoglobin. As hemoglobin binds oxygen,...
8.4K
Special considerations while measuring oxygen saturation01:19

Special considerations while measuring oxygen saturation

1.1K
Assessing respiratory rate concurrently with pulse measurement is fundamental to patient care, providing valuable insights into the patient's respiratory function. The normal breathing rate for an adult usually falls within a normal range of 12 to 20 breaths per minute. Abnormal respiratory rates can signal underlying health conditions or the need for immediate intervention.
Ensuring accuracy in vital sign recordings while prioritizing patient comfort and minimizing anxiety is...
1.1K
Muscle Recovery and Fatigue01:24

Muscle Recovery and Fatigue

5.0K
Muscle fatigue refers to the decline in a muscle's ability to maintain the force of contraction after prolonged activity. It primarily stems from changes within muscle fibers. Even before experiencing muscle fatigue, one may feel tired and have the urge to stop the activity. This response, known as central fatigue, occurs due to changes in the central nervous system, namely the brain and spinal cord. While there is no single mechanism that induces fatigue, it may serve as a protective...
5.0K
Assessment of Diffusion and Perfusion01:17

Assessment of Diffusion and Perfusion

2.1K
Understanding and evaluating diffusion and perfusion is critical in assessing a patient's respiratory and circulatory health. These processes play key roles in maintaining the body's internal environment, ensuring that tissues receive adequate oxygen while waste products are efficiently removed.
The Role of Diffusion in Respiration
Diffusion is the process by which molecules move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. In the respiratory system, this...
2.1K
Oxygen Delivering System II: Venturi Mask and Transtracheal Oxygen01:16

Oxygen Delivering System II: Venturi Mask and Transtracheal Oxygen

3.3K
Oxygen therapy is a pivotal aspect of medical care, particularly for patients with respiratory ailments. Two prominent oxygen-delivering systems include the Venturi mask and the transtracheal oxygen catheter.
Venturi Mask
The Venturi mask, named after the Venturi effect, is designed to deliver precise oxygen concentrations. It consists of a large tube with an oxygen inlet that narrows down, causing a pressure drop that pulls air in through adjustable side ports. The mask is a lightweight,...
3.3K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Long-Term Pulmonary Rehabilitation Enhances Cerebral Oxygenation, Functional Capacity, and Psychological Health in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis.

Medicine and science in sports and exercise·2025
Same author

Clinical Significance of Altered Vascular Morphology and Function in Normotension.

Current hypertension reports·2023
Same author

The effects of chronic concentric and eccentric training on position sense and joint reaction angle of the knee extensors.

European journal of sport science·2023
Same author

Letter to the Editor on: "Effects of Exercise Training on the Paracrine Function of Circulating Angiogenic Cells."

International journal of sports medicine·2021
Same author

Differences in cerebral oxygenation during exercise in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis with and without exertional hypoxemia: does exercise intensity matter?

Pulmonology·2021
Same author

Flywheel or free weight training for improvement of lower limbs strength?

Journal of back and musculoskeletal rehabilitation·2021

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 7, 2026

Skeletal Muscle Neurovascular Coupling, Oxidative Capacity, and Microvascular Function with 'One Stop Shop' Near-infrared Spectroscopy
09:04

Skeletal Muscle Neurovascular Coupling, Oxidative Capacity, and Microvascular Function with 'One Stop Shop' Near-infrared Spectroscopy

Published on: February 20, 2018

13.0K

Oxygen Delivery and Muscle Deoxygenation during Continuous, Long- and Short-Interval Exercise.

A Zafeiridis1, A Kounoupis1, K Dipla1

  • 1Department of Physical Education and Sport Science at Serres, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Serres, Greece.

International Journal of Sports Medicine
|July 4, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Intense continuous and long-interval exercise protocols, when matched for effort, show similar muscle oxygen utilization but greater cardiovascular and VO2 responses compared to short-interval exercise. This highlights differences in central hemodynamics and oxygen uptake efficiency.

More Related Videos

Supramaximal Intensity Hypoxic Exercise and Vascular Function Assessment in Mice
10:00

Supramaximal Intensity Hypoxic Exercise and Vascular Function Assessment in Mice

Published on: March 15, 2019

9.0K
Using Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Wearable Devices to Identify Central Versus Peripheral Limitations During Exercise
09:33

Using Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Wearable Devices to Identify Central Versus Peripheral Limitations During Exercise

Published on: December 19, 2024

1.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 7, 2026

Skeletal Muscle Neurovascular Coupling, Oxidative Capacity, and Microvascular Function with 'One Stop Shop' Near-infrared Spectroscopy
09:04

Skeletal Muscle Neurovascular Coupling, Oxidative Capacity, and Microvascular Function with 'One Stop Shop' Near-infrared Spectroscopy

Published on: February 20, 2018

13.0K
Supramaximal Intensity Hypoxic Exercise and Vascular Function Assessment in Mice
10:00

Supramaximal Intensity Hypoxic Exercise and Vascular Function Assessment in Mice

Published on: March 15, 2019

9.0K
Using Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Wearable Devices to Identify Central Versus Peripheral Limitations During Exercise
09:33

Using Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Wearable Devices to Identify Central Versus Peripheral Limitations During Exercise

Published on: December 19, 2024

1.7K

Area of Science:

  • Exercise Physiology
  • Cardiovascular Physiology
  • Sports Science

Background:

  • Oxygen delivery and muscle deoxygenation are key determinants of maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max).
  • Different exercise protocols may differentially impact central and peripheral factors influencing VO2.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare oxygen delivery and muscle deoxygenation during intense continuous, long-interval, and short-interval exercise.
  • To investigate the impact of exercise modality on central hemodynamics and VO2.

Main Methods:

  • Twelve young men underwent three equal-effort exercise protocols: continuous, long-interval, and short-interval with rest.
  • Simultaneous recordings of central hemodynamics, muscle oxygenation/deoxygenation, and VO2 were performed.

Main Results:

  • Peak cardiac output and VO2 were higher in the long-interval protocol compared to continuous and short-interval protocols.
  • Average VO2 and time above 80% VO2max were greater in continuous and long-interval protocols versus short-interval.
  • Muscle deoxygenation and O2 delivery/utilization mismatch were similar across all protocols.

Conclusions:

  • All protocols effectively activated central and peripheral VO2 determinants.
  • Continuous and long-interval exercise elicited greater cardiovascular and VO2 responses than short-interval exercise with rest.
  • Despite differences in central responses, muscle oxygen utilization remained comparable across protocols when effort was equalized.