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The Effect of Genetic Counseling on Knowledge and Perceptions Regarding Risks for Breast Cancer.

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Cancer risk counseling significantly improved women's understanding of breast cancer risks. Post-counseling, women had more realistic perceptions of population and personal cancer risks, enhancing genetic testing expectations.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Genetics
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Cancer risk counseling clinics address hereditary cancer predispositions.
  • Women with a family history of breast cancer are a key demographic for risk assessment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the impact of cancer risk counseling on women's knowledge and risk perceptions.
  • To assess changes in perceived breast cancer risks and expectations regarding genetic testing.

Main Methods:

  • A pre- and post-counseling questionnaire was administered to 60 healthy women with relatives diagnosed with breast cancer.
  • Genetic counselors estimated participants' cancer risk compared to the general population.

Main Results:

  • Women initially overestimated population risk, hereditary contribution, and personal cancer risk.
  • Post-counseling, risk estimates became more accurate, except for relative-specific risks.
  • Counseling led to more realistic expectations about the utility of genetic predisposition testing.

Conclusions:

  • Cancer risk counseling effectively corrects overestimations of breast cancer risk.
  • Counseling improves understanding of genetic predisposition and the implications of genetic testing.
  • The option to test affected relatives was utilized by a majority of families.