Rupture of uterine serosal hematoma: delayed complication of uterine perforation

Uterine perforation, a major complication of dilatation and curettage (D&C), is typically recognized at the time of the procedure. Large defects in the uterine wall or injury to other intraabdominal organs can result in an acute abdomen requiring immediate surgical treatment. On the other hand, small perforations usually resolve on their own without any long-term consequences. Here, the authors report a case of delayed hemoperitoneum, ten days after the D&C evacuation of an early pregnancy. Initially, intramural pregnancy was the suspected etiology. However, histopathology suggested that the inciting event was the rupture of a serosal uterine hematoma, which likely resulted from an incomplete uterine perforation during D&C. The patient did well after undergoing an uneventful laparoscopy.