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APOL1 nephropathy risk variants are associated with altered high-density lipoprotein profiles in African Americans

Orlando M Gutiérrez1, Suzanne E Judd2, Marguerite R Irvin3

  • 1Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.

Nephrology, Dialysis, Transplantation : Official Publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association
|July 9, 2015
PubMed

Insights

Apolipoprotein L1 (APOL1) risk variants are linked to higher concentrations of small HDL particles in African Americans. This finding may offer new insights into APOL1

Area of Science:

  • Genetics and Cardiovascular Health
  • Lipid Metabolism Research
  • Population Health Studies in African Americans

Background:

  • The apolipoprotein L1 gene (APOL1) has two coding variants (G1 and G2) strongly associated with nephropathy in African Americans, but cardiovascular disease links are debated.
  • APOL1 interacts with high-density lipoproteins (HDLs), yet data on APOL1 risk variants' association with HDL subfractions are limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between APOL1 G1/G2 risk variants and HDL subfractions in African Americans.
  • To explore potential links between APOL1 genotype and cardiovascular risk factors via lipoprotein profiles.

Main Methods:

  • Genotyping of APOL1 G1 and G2 polymorphisms in 2010 Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) Study participants.
  • Utilizing nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy for HDL subfraction measurements.
  • Employing linear regression to model associations between APOL1 risk alleles and HDL subfractions, adjusting for covariates.

Main Results:

  • Increased numbers of APOL1 G1/G2 risk alleles were positively associated with higher concentrations of small HDL particles.
  • This association remained significant after adjusting for age, sex, diabetes, and African ancestry (P = 0.004).
  • No significant associations were found between APOL1 genotype and concentrations of large/medium HDL, VLDL, or LDL particles.

Conclusions:

  • Greater numbers of APOL1 G1/G2 risk alleles correlate with elevated small HDL particle concentrations in African Americans.
  • These findings suggest new avenues for research into the mechanisms underlying APOL1 variant associations with adverse health outcomes.
Abstract

Keywords:
APOL1chronic kidney diseaseethnic disparitiesgenetics

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