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Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV01:26

Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV

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Tuberculosis, more commonly referred to as TB, is an infectious disease stemming from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While it primarily impacts the lungs, TB can also affect other body areas. Given its severity and global impact, timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for controlling its spread and improving patient outcomes.
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...
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Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:
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Pulmonary Tuberculosis V01:28

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Medical management of tuberculosis (TB) patients involves a comprehensive approach that includes diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. The specific strategies can vary depending on the type of tuberculosis (latent or active), the patient's overall health status, and other considerations.
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the...
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Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
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Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
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Diagnosing and managing appendicitis requires a structured and comprehensive approach that spans from initial assessment to postoperative care. Here is an overview of the process:
Diagnosing Appendicitis
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Diagnosing Pulmonary Tuberculosis with the Xpert MTB/RIF Test
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Abdominal Tuberculosis: A Diagnostic Dilemma.

Seema Awasthi1, Manoj Saxena2, Faiyaz Ahmad2

  • 1Associate Professor, Department of Pathology, Teerthanker Mahaveer Medical College & Research Centre , Moradabad, India .

Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research : JCDR
|July 9, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Abdominal tuberculosis presents with vague gastrointestinal symptoms, often mimicking other disorders. Histopathology is crucial for diagnosis in resource-limited settings, enabling timely treatment and improved patient outcomes.

Keywords:
GastrointestinalHistopathologyIntestinal obstructionLanghans

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Abdominal tuberculosis (TB) is an increasingly common extrapulmonary TB form, affecting the gastrointestinal tract, peritoneum, and hepato-biliary system.
  • Non-specific clinical manifestations of abdominal TB often lead to delayed diagnosis and management.
  • Rising incidence necessitates improved diagnostic strategies, especially in resource-poor settings.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate clinical, radiological, and microbiological findings in abdominal tuberculosis.
  • To define the role of histopathology in diagnosing abdominal TB in resource-limited areas.
  • To analyze patient compliance and response to anti-tubercular treatment.

Main Methods:

  • A 5-year retrospective study (2010-2014) included 48 patients diagnosed with abdominal TB at a tertiary hospital in Northern India.
  • Clinical data, laboratory results, and imaging were analyzed.
  • Histopathological examination of resected specimens included Ziehl-Neelsen (ZN) and Periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) staining.

Main Results:

  • The average age of presentation was 27.4 years, with a male predominance (1.4:1).
  • Abdominal pain (100%), anorexia (98%), fever (88%), and intestinal obstruction (88%) were common symptoms; the ileum was the most frequent site of involvement.
  • Histopathology revealed epithelioid granulomas with necrosis and Langhans giant cells in most specimens; Acid Fast Bacilli (AFB) were detected in 5 cases. Majority responded well to anti-tubercular treatment.

Conclusions:

  • Abdominal tuberculosis should be considered in patients presenting with nonspecific gastrointestinal symptoms.
  • Histopathological examination is vital for diagnosing abdominal TB where advanced molecular diagnostics are unavailable.
  • Early diagnosis and management through histopathology improve patient outcomes.