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Left ventricular remodeling and arterial remodeling in patients with chronic kidney disease stage 1-3

Agnieszka Pluta1, Paweł Stróżecki2, Magdalena Krintus3

  • 1a Department of Community Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences , Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University , Torun , Poland .

Renal Failure
|July 10, 2015
PubMed

Insights

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) leads to early left ventricular remodeling before arterial changes. Echocardiography can detect left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in early CKD, identifying patients at higher cardiovascular risk.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Cardiology
  • Vascular Medicine

Background:

  • Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a significant independent risk factor for cardiovascular complications.
  • These complications include arterial hypertension, left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), heart failure, and accelerated atherosclerosis.
  • Early identification of subclinical cardiovascular damage in CKD patients is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze left ventricular and arterial remodeling in patients with CKD stages 1-3.
  • To identify the earliest subclinical marker of cardiovascular damage in the course of CKD progression.

Main Methods:

  • Studied 90 patients with CKD stages 1-3 and 30 controls.
  • Assessed left ventricular mass index (LVMI), relative wall thickness (RWT), and ejection fraction (EF) via echocardiography.
  • Measured pulse wave velocity (PWV) and common carotid artery intima-media thickness (IMT); performed 24-h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring.

Main Results:

  • No significant blood pressure differences were observed between CKD stages.
  • Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and remodeling were prevalent, with increased LVMI in CKD stages 2 and 3 compared to controls.
  • Intima-media thickness (IMT) increased in CKD stage 3, and pulse wave velocity (PWV) was significantly higher in stage 3 CKD patients.

Conclusions:

  • Left ventricular remodeling occurs earlier than large arterial vessel changes in CKD progression.
  • Echocardiographic assessment of LVH in early CKD stages can identify patients at elevated cardiovascular risk.
Abstract

Keywords:
Chronic kidney diseaseleft ventricular myocardial hypertrophypulse wave velocityvascular stiffness

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