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Predicting Preterm Labour: Current Status and Future Prospects.

Harry M Georgiou1, Megan K W Di Quinzio2, Michael Permezel2

  • 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia ; Mercy Perinatal Research Centre, Mercy Hospital for Women, Heidelberg, VIC 3084, Australia ; Pregnancy Research Centre, Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia.

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Summary

Predicting preterm birth remains challenging due to its complex causes. Identifying novel biomarkers in bodily fluids may enable timely interventions to improve maternal and fetal outcomes for preterm labor.

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Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Biomarker Discovery
  • Perinatal Medicine

Background:

  • Preterm birth is a leading cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality.
  • Increasing rates of preterm birth in developed nations despite advances in care.
  • Accurate prediction of preterm labor onset remains elusive due to multifactorial etiology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advances in biomarker discovery for preterm birth prediction.
  • To evaluate the utility of single and multiple biomarkers.
  • Focus on prediction in the absence of intra-amniotic infection.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on biomarker discovery for preterm birth.
  • Analysis of various body fluids (amniotic fluid, urine, saliva, blood, cervicovaginal fluid) as sources of biomarkers.
  • Exploration of protein-based markers reflecting pathophysiological changes.

Main Results:

  • Novel biomarkers are being discovered in various maternal body fluids.
  • Both single and multiple biomarker approaches show potential for prediction.
  • Biomarkers may help identify women at risk for preterm delivery.

Conclusions:

  • Biomarker discovery offers a promising avenue for predicting preterm birth.
  • Timely identification of at-risk pregnancies can lead to medical intervention.
  • Improved maternal and fetal outcomes are anticipated with effective biomarker-based prediction.