[Current and prospective issues about adult asthma]

Area of Science:

• Pulmonology and Immunology
• Personalized Medicine

Background:

• Asthma management is shifting towards personalized approaches.
• Severe asthma treatments are advancing, including biological therapies targeting T-helper 2 (Th2) cytokines like IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13.
• Bronchial thermoplasty offers potential long-term effects for severe asthma but requires further research.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review emerging strategies in asthma management.
• To highlight biological therapies for severe asthma with high Th2 activity.
• To discuss the role of weight loss and new inflammatory pathways (IL-1, IL-17) in obese asthmatics.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of current and developing asthma treatments.
• Discussion of biological therapies targeting specific cytokines.
• Exploration of findings from a murine model of obesity and asthma.

Main Results:

• Biological therapies targeting Th2 cytokines present new options for severe asthma.
• Bronchial thermoplasty is a potential long-term treatment but is currently limited to clinical research.
• Weight management is crucial for obese asthmatics.
• A novel inflammatory pathway involving IL-1 and IL-17 has been identified in a murine model.

Conclusions:

• Future asthma management will likely be more personalized.
• Targeting Th2 cytokines and exploring new pathways like IL-1/IL-17 may yield advanced therapies.
• Further research is needed for bronchial thermoplasty and specific treatments for obese asthmatics.